How did the 19th Amendment Impact Women’s Rights and Responsibilities Assignment | Online Assignment

Mariah Graff

Professor Chambers

ENGL 102: Research and Academic Writing

Annotated Bibliography

“Wyoming Legislators Write the First State Constitution to Grant Women the Vote.”        History.com, A&E Television Networks, 16 Nov. 2009, www.history.com/this-day-in-  history/wyoming-legislators-write-the-first-state-constitution-to-grant-women-the-vote. Accessed 19 April 2020.

This article discusses how Wyoming became the first state to allow women the right to vote. Originally that women’s suffrage bill was introduces in the Washington Territory in 1848 but was defeated. However, in 1869, Wyoming passed the bill and was the first state to give women the right to vote. Utah Territory was next to approve the bill in 1870 and in 1883, the bill was brought up again in Washington Territory and approved. It is thought that western states only passed the women’s suffrage bill in order to reward pioneer women for their role in settling the West. This source will be useful because it discussed where the women’s suffrage bill began and the first state that passed it.

Burton, Nsenga K. “These 19 Black Women Fought for Voting Rights.” USA Today (Online),      Feb 08, 2020. ProQuest, http://eres.regent.edu:2048/login?url=https://search-proquest-            com.ezproxy.regent.edu/docview/2352319776?accountid=13479. Accessed 19 April         2020.

This article discusses how the women’s suffrage was under the leadership of Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton however African American women played a major role in achieving that right to vote. I find this article very interesting because throughout my educational career, I never knew that Americans like Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth were actively involved like Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady. This article was very interesting to read. I believe this article will be useful because it provides a different outlook for me and I always thought that Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady were the backbone to Women’s right to vote however that was not the case.

Beachley, DeAnna E. “Small Changes after the Ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment.”        American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020, americanhistory2.abc-            clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Topics/Display/1940973?sid=1940989&cid=91.            Accessed 19 April 2020.

This article discusses the changes the women experienced after the 19^th Amendment was passed. There were already major changes to women’s role before the 19^th Amendment such as more women were attending college and pursing careers. However, after the 19^th Amendment was passed there was a lack of interest in voting by women. Another issue the arises after the 19^th Amendment was the concept of equal rights. There was still some discrimination against women after the 19^th Amendment was passed which still to this day is an issue. I believe this article is important to my research because it talks about the changes and issues that were happening after the 19^th amendment was passed.

Lamphier, Peg A. “Ain’t I a Voter?: The Nineteenth Amendment’s Complex Legacy.” American   History, ABC-CLIO, 2020, americanhistory2.abc-      clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Topics/Display/1940973?sid=1940986&cid=91.            Accessed 19 April 2020.

This article discussed the legacy of Sojourner Truth’s historical speech. Sojourner Truth’s gave an amazing speech in support of women’s rights and about her life as a slave woman. The power behind her speech destroyed the argument that women were too weak and too delicate for equal rights. However, even a century after the 19^th Amendment, women are still face inequality. But as of today, women are more legally, economically, and socially powerful. I believe this article will be helpful because it proves information about the struggles faces before and after the 19^th amendment was passed and how Sojourner Truth’s speech empowered women to continue to fight.

Ritter, Gretchen. “Gender and Citizenship after the Nineteenth Amendment.” Polity, vol. 32, no.             3, Spring 2000, p. 345. EBSCOhost, doi:10.2307/3235356.

This article discusses how women’s citizenship was reconceived after the 19^th amendment was passed. This article discusses what the suffrage meant for women’s political standing during the 1920s. Back then women were regarded differently from a political standpoint before the 19^th amendment was passed. After it was passed, women’s citizenship changed such as moving towards a political identity as liberal individual citizens. However, this change was not easily because of women’s status in the domestic realm. Also, this counterbalanced the reorder of hierarchy of social groups within the political community. This article will be helpful because is discusses the changes women went through from a political standpoint after the 19^th Amendment was passed.

Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn. “The Nineteenth Amendment and Its Outcome for African American       Women.” Journal of Women’s History, vol. 32 no. 1, 2020, p. 23-31. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/jowh.2020.0003.

This article discusses how a majority of African American women living in the south were disenfranchised or they lost their right to vote soon after the 19^th Amendment was passed. It was not until the civil rights movement and the passing of the 1965 Voting Rights Act, that African American women and men regained their right to vote. I think this article will be helpful because it discusses the struggles that African American women endured before and after the 19^th amendment was passed.

Vile, John R. “Nineteenth Amendment.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,      americanhistory2.abc-clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Search/Display/1353208.             Accessed 20 April 2020.

This article discusses the origin of the suffrage movement. The suffrage movement began at the Seneca Fall convention in 1848. It goes to discussed how Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton formed the National Woman Suffrage Association to oppose the passing of the 14^th amendment. There was much debate about women’s right to vote and the consequences of passing the 19^th amendment. Opponents feared there would be changes in family and social structures when women began to participate in politics. It goes on to discuss what happened after the 19^th amendment was ratified and how women still had to fight for equality.

Welch, Rosanne. “How the Nineteenth Amendment Turned Average Women into Wonder           Women through the Superpower of Voting.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,            americanhistory2.abc-clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Topics/Display/

1940973?sid=1940990&cid=91. Accessed 20 April 2020.

This article discussed how women’s role changed after the 19^th Amendment. Women won the equal right to contribute as full citizens however equality did come right away. The 19^th amendment made women the protector of families rather than men because women voted more often for government programs that aided children, families, and the poor. They voted in these categories because they fell in such categories. Additionally, these rights have given women the ability to protect their fellow citizens and empowered other women to the highest political positions.

“National Woman’s Party.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020, americanhistory2.abc-            clio.com/Search/Display/253546. Accessed 20 Apr. 2020.

This article talks about the National Women’s Party (NWP). In 1912, Alice Paul and Lucy Burns were chair and vice care of the Congressional Committee of the National American Women’s Suffrage Association founded the National Women’s Party. They created this group to work towards a federal suffrage amendment instead a state-by-state strategy. After the 19^th amendment was passed, the NWP proposed the Equal Rights Amendment giving men and women equal rights and modifying the language in the 19^th amendment to reflect the equal rights.

Ditonto, Tessa. “American Woman Suffrage Association.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,             americanhistory2.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/253378. Accessed 20 Apr. 2020.

This article discusses how the American Women Suffrage Association (AWSA) worked to achieve the right to vote for American women from 1869 to 1890. The American Women Suffrage Association was founded by Henry Blackwell, Lucy Stone, and Julie Ward Howe. They all supported the ratification of the fourteen and fifteen amendment which gave citizenship to former slaves and protected their right to vote based on race and condition of former servitude however neither amendment said anything about sex. This article also goes on to discuss the difference between National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Women Suffrage Association. This article is very helpful because it talks about the foundation of the American Women Suffrage Association and how it differs from other groups that were formed.

Schuler, Morgan. “First-Wave Feminism.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,    americanhistory2.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1895365. Accessed 20 Apr. 2020.

This article discusses how feminism originated and how it promoted equal rights for women. According to Schuler, the first wave of feminists strongly advocated for political rights. After the 19^th amendment was passed it did bring end to the first wave of feminism. This article is important because it is how feminism first began.

Morton, Sean. “Susan B. Anthony.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020, americanhistory2.abc-            clio.com/Search/Display/245412. Accessed 20 Apr. 2020.

This article discusses the life of Susan B. Anthony and her involvement in women’s suffrage. She is very well known for her leadership and advocacy for women’s rights. She along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton were the pioneers of the women’s suffrage movement. This article is important to my research because Susan B. Anthony was a very influential figure and responsible for the ratification of the 19^th amendment.

Holcomb, Julie. “American Equal Rights Association (1866).” American History, ABC-CLIO,      2020, americanhistory2.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/2196190. Accessed 20 Apr. 2020.

This article talks about the first national organization that was called the American Equal Rights Association. This association campaign for black and female suffrage. It had supporters from all over such as abolitionist from the American Anti-Slavery Society, men and women who supported women’s rights. This association only lasted 3 years however it is very important to know that it was the very first association that acknowledged women’s rights.

Forss, Amy Helene. “Antisuffrage Movement.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,             americanhistory2.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/2141770. Accessed 20 Apr. 2020.

This article is a little different. This article talks about the anti-suffrage movement. This political movement was not against women having rights, but they were against women having the right to vote. They believed if women had the right to vote that it would compromise their social reform and civic housekeeping activities. And surprisingly it was predominantly women who belonged to this group. This article is important because a majority of my research was based on women fighting for equal rights and the right to vote and not about those who opposed the right to vote.

Mariah Graff

Professor Chambers

ENGL 102: Research and Academic Writing

How the 19^th Amendment Changed Women

2020 is marked an important year in history. It is the 100-year anniversary since women were give the right to vote. For over 70 years, women struggled to obtain equal rights that they could never reach. Women did not want to be looked down by men as useless and subordinate but instead they wanted to rise to their full potential. Women’s role were restricted to domestic life at home and the care of children. The 19^th amendment was an important turning point in history for millions of women who fought so hard for their right to vote and for equal rights. With this new founded respect and power, women were finally able to get jobs, dress how they wanted, and go to college. Women were able to hold political positions and be in congress. When Elizabeth Cady Stanton wrote the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments, it stated that all men and women are created equal. Therefore, because of the 19^th amendment, women have gained the same rights and responsibility as men.

For centuries, women arranged on the path of marriage and parenthood. They were expected to stay loyal to their spouses, cook, clean, and care for their families. Many states prohibited women from own property or entering contracts. Societies even went on to adopting the “Cult of True Womanhood, and ideology that claimed women were best suited in the home serving as the family moral guide. This protected-class status was intended to shield women from being sullied by the nefarious influence of work, politics and making war” (Timmons). However, despite some women’s protest and injustice, there were other women that enjoyed being a house-wife and caring for their families. Before the women’s suffrage movement, Amy Forss explained that “a women’s most important form of influence was her maternal role in the house. Helping the poor, influencing social change, and focusing on womanly causes were activities accessible from the home and did not warrant the right to vote” (Forss). As a result, some antisuffragist believed that voting would not make a woman a better mother or wife.

Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 is where is all began. It was the first women’s right convention that was organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott. More than 300 women, along with some supporting men, attended the convention. According to John Vile, “There Elizabeth Cady Stanton drew up the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments that she patterned after the Declaration of Independence” (Vile). The issue that aggressively pushed for women to fight for the right to vote and the right for equality was when the 14^th amendment and the 15^th amendment made no legislation for women.

Another issue that came about the women’s suffrage was equal rights for African Americans. Back in the 19^th century, African American women were considered property. When the women’s suffrage movement started, it was a surprise to many people that African American women and men were a part of the suffrage movement. One women that was behind the suffrage was Sojourner Truth. She gave her famous speech Ain’t I a Voter at the Ohio Women’s Rights Convention. According to Lamphier, “In the most historically accepted version of the speech Truth spoke about the circumstances of her life as a slave women…The rhetorical power of her speech and deft destruction of the argument that women were too weak and too delicate for equal rights resonates as powerfully today as it did in 1851” (Lamphier). After the 19^th amendment passed, African American women were still struggling to have equal rights. It would not be until  the Civil Rights Movement, when African Americans finally got equal rights.

Even though women achieved their goals for equal rights and the right to vote, nevertheless, women are still trying to achieve rights in social and political part of life.

Work Cited

Forss, Amy Helene. “Antisuffrage Movement.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,             americanhistory2.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/2141770. Accessed 4 May 2020.

Lamphier, Peg A. “Ain’t I a Voter?: The Nineteenth Amendment’s Complex Legacy.” American   History, ABC-CLIO, 2020, americanhistory2.abc-clio.com/Topics/Display/1940973

?sid=1940986&cid=91. Accessed 4 May 2020.

Timmons, Greg. “The Women Behind the 19th Amendment.” Biography.com, A&E Networks     Television, 25 Feb. 2020, www.biography.com/news/19th-amendment-famous-            suffragists. Accessed 4 May 2020.

Vile, John R. “Nineteenth Amendment.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,     americanhistory2.abc-clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Search/Display/1353208.             Accessed 4 May 2020.

Mariah Graff

Professor Chambers

ENGL 102: Research and Academic Writing

Week Three: Research Question Assignment

1. Your broad category

Significant Historical Events.

2. A narrowed topic

The 19^th Amendment.

3. A list of at least 10 questions within the topic that you would like answered
4. What was the impact of the 19^th Amendment?
5. Who supported the 19^th Amendment?
6. How did the 19^th Amendment change American society politically?
7. What former slaves supported the 19^th Amendment?
8. What was the first state and last state to grant women the right to vote?
9. Under whose presidency was the 19^th amendment ratified?
10. How did the 19^th Amendment affect American women?
11. What roles did Susan B. Anthony and Sojourner Truth play in the 19^th Amendment?
12. Who led the women’s suffrage movement?
13. Where did the women’s suffrage movement originate?
14. The research question you would like to pursue.

How did the 19^th Amendment impact women’s rights and responsibilities?

5. A list of six credible, specific sources gathered from the library database that address your research question directly. Format these correctly.

Beachley, DeAnna E. “Small Changes after the Ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment.”        American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020, americanhistory2.abc-            clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Topics/Display/1940973?sid=1940989&cid=91.            Accessed 6 Apr. 2020.

Lamphier, Peg A. “Ain’t I a Voter?: The Nineteenth Amendment’s Complex Legacy.” American   History, ABC-CLIO, 2020, americanhistory2.abc-      clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Topics/Display/1940973?sid=1940986&cid=91.            Accessed 6 Apr. 2020.

Ritter, Gretchen. “Gender and Citizenship after the Nineteenth Amendment.” Polity, vol. 32, no.             3, Spring 2000, p. 345. EBSCOhost, doi:10.2307/3235356.

Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn. “The Nineteenth Amendment and Its Outcome for African American       Women.” Journal of Women’s History, vol. 32 no. 1, 2020, p. 23-31. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/jowh.2020.0003.

Vile, John R. “Nineteenth Amendment.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,     americanhistory2.abc-clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Search/Display/1353208.             Accessed 7 Apr. 2020.

Welch, Rosanne. “How the Nineteenth Amendment Turned Average Women into Wonder           Women through the Superpower of Voting.” American History, ABC-CLIO, 2020,            americanhistory2.abc-clio.com.ezproxy.regent.edu:2048/Topics/Display/

1940973?sid=1940990&cid=91. Accessed 6 Apr. 2020.

6. A one-page summary of what you have discovered so far and how you think you will proceed in your research toward developing the final essay.

I started my research about the 19^th Amendment impact women’s rights and responsibilities by using Regent’s online database. There was a lot of information that the database provided me. I learned a lot about the women’s suffrage that I did not know about before. To start, the fight for women’s right started in 1848 at the Seneca Falls Convention. The women the created this convention were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott. They were the two most powerful and radical suffragists. There were many other organizations that women suffragists created. Some of the most influential organizations were the National Women Suffrage (NWSA) and the American Women Suffrage Association (AWSA). The NWSA was founded by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. The AWSA was founded by Lucy Stone, Henry Brown Blackwell, Julia Ward Howe, Mary Livermore, and Henry Ward Beecher. I feel this information is very crucial to my research because these women and their organizations help make an impact on women’s rights and responsibilities. When I continue my research I will continue to use the library database and make sure to set up an appointment with the writing lab to make sure the research is correct and my format is accurate.