Design and Implementation of Wind Cell Generator for PEACI Building Assignment | Online Homework Help

INTRODUCTION
This chapter will be discussing what this study is about and the concept behind the study as introduction. The question of why will also be answered, why is this study being conducted and how is this study significant.
1.1 Background of The Study
Power generation is a leading cause of air pollution. Though energies generated such as electricity plays a crucial role in the advancement of our civilization the current means it is being produced has negative effects on our environment. The world generates more than 66% of its electricity from fossil fuels, and another 8% from nuclear energy. Both fossil fuels and nuclear are considered sources of non-renewable energy. (Greentumble, 2017) To address these problems engineers are coming up with ways to generate energy more efficiently and more environment friendly processes with the use of renewable energy. In recent years more and more ways of harnessing renewable energy, mainly from wind, hydro, and solar energy, are being developed, be it large scale facilities or small rural applications. One of the most popular is the generation of energy from the wind. Wind power describes the process by which wind is used to generate electricity and the most common technique in generating energy from the wind is by using wind turbines. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical energy which in turn is used to generate electricity by electromagnetic induction. According to Ecologist Vijayalaxmi Kinhal, the average wind efficiency of turbine is from 35% to 45%. (Kinhal, 2017) Although this efficiency is promising the cost of building a facility of wind turbines is exceptionally high. This study
aims to address a cheaper way to generate electricity using wind power. Recent studies developed the wind belt technology and in this study the researchers will develop their own prototype of the wind belt technology.
Wind belt technology is used to cater small scale energy needs. (Raunekk, 2009) Wind turbine can do the same work but the cost of establishing and maintaining it is expensive. For developing countries, such as the Philippines, building wind turbines is very limited especially in rural areas.(Wiemann, 2013) The wind belt will be a more practical way of providing electricity and with the Philippines geographical advantage the wind power is highly suitable for application. Wind belt is similar to wind turbine in converting kinetic energy of the wind to electricity but instead of using the conventional rotating motion of electromagnetic induction wind belt uses a fluttering or oscillating motion of inducing electricity.(Balaguru, 2013) And differently from wind turbine, wind belt can be built with a much lower cost and occupying much less space making it more practical for application for third world countries. In this study the researchers develop a prototype of wind belt technology with the designing of air ducts to harness wind energy more efficiently while boosting the converted electrical energy to a usable level of course the output energy level would vary on many factors which includes the velocity of the wind and this study will be conducting tests to achieve the optimum results.
1.2 Statement of The Problem
Nowadays people are turning to producing energy using renewable resources and one of which is by harnessing energy from the wind. Conventional wind
turbines are expensive to build and maintain. Innovations of developing a cheaper way for harnessing wind power are being introduced and the wind belt is a newly introduced technology. As wind belt generators still cater to small powered application like electronic radios, clocks and LED lights this study hopes to produce a higher level of output for more usable applications by adding and improving the designs. In this generation where electricity has become a basic commodity and for a developing country like in the Philippines the production of electricity is not yet sophisticated as to cater to all its energy needs thus Philippines’ power rates remain one of the highest in Southeast Asia. (Rivera, 2017) This is true especially in terms of commercial and household rates. With wind belt generator users can lessen their expenditures on electricity. In this study the researchers hopes to answer the following questions:
1. Can the researchers create and improve a design of current wind cell technology?
2. Can the researchers boost the output power of the wind cell to a usable level?
3. Can we come up with a feasible way of generating power with the wind using cost effective materials?
1.3 Objective of The Study
The main objective of the study is to design, develop, and implement an improved a wind belt generator. With these following specific objectives we can address the high cost of commercial electricity:
1. To design, develop, and implement an improved wind belt generator using low-cost materials.
2. To design a booster circuit that could enhance the output level of the wind belt generator.
1.4 Conceptual Framework
Figure 1 illustrates the conceptual framework of this study. The concept of this study revolves around generating electricity by vibrations caused by the wind and the faster the wind velocity the greater is the output generated. The idea of this study starts with the wind entering the air ducts which will be designed to concentrate the airflow towards the belt in order to maximize the wind’s velocity. After the wind velocity is enhanced by passing through the air ducts this wind power will influence the wind belt and cause it to vibrate and the magnets attached to the end of the belt will be vibrating up and down as well. This motion or the kinetic energy will be used to rapidly change the magnetic flux that is present at the coils attached at either side beside the vibrating Energy Energy ConversionConversion Electromagnetic Electromagnetic InductionInduction Energy Energy BoostingBoosting Energy Energy conversionconversion
INPUT
INPUT
PROCESS
PROCESS
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Wind
Wind
Air duct
Air duct
Wind belt generator
Wind belt generator
Boost converter
Boost converter
LED light Mobile Charging
LED light Mobile Charging
Wind velocity concentration
Wind velocity concentration
Rectifying and boosting
Rectifying and boosting
Voltage, Current, and Power
Voltage, Current, and Power
Figure 1. Conceptual framework of an improved wind
Figure 1. Conceptual framework of an improved wind belt generatorbelt generator
magnet. The next stage after the raw generation of power this generated current will be put through a rectifier to convert it to direct current and will be followed by a booster to further enhance the output. For the purpose of this study, lighting LED lights and charging of a mobile phone are the specific application of the energy generated.
1.5 Significance of The Study
To the Environment, this study is focused on creating a way to generate power with renewable energy thus reducing the pollution of the environment. With its eco-friendly materials and does not require a large area for implementation. Unlike the wind turbines where they can pose threat to birds as well as people the wind belt generator with small to no moving parts deeming it to be very safe.
To the Community, the implementation of this technology can be beneficial to rural communities in providing electricity for low power applications with its affordable cost of implementation.
To the University, this study can be used as a foundation of an innovation of harnessing wind energy. With future improvising and fabrication wind belt generators can be placed on top of the university’s high rise buildings to generate power and cut costs of electricity. This study will also be worthy of the name of a university of Science and Technology of innovating an eco-friendly way of harnessing power as well as it being a budget friendly technology.
To the Researchers, with this study the researchers will be able to gain deeper understanding on generating electricity via electromagnetic induction a subject that the researchers have found to be hard to internalize just by learning its theories. The designing of air ducts would also provide in the area of physics knowledge and by boosting the generated output energy the researchers will be able to apply what they have been studying and skills on power electronics. This study would test each of the researchers their knowledge and technical skills on these areas.
To the Future Researchers, this study can be used as a foundation for further improvement of the wind belt technology and can be a mean to aid for future studies relevant to power generation using wind belt generator.
In general the significant of this study is to create clean and cost effective way of generating electricity using wind power.
1.6 Scope and Limitation
The study is conducted to create a window sized two wind belt generator prototypes that can harness wind power atop the buildings of engineering complex of the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines campus where possible high wind velocities are present. We will be conducting tests on 3 different locations around the engineering complex to find the optimal area where the proposed wind belt generator can be stationed. Wind speed will vary from different times of the day; thus, output energy will vary. During the study, the researchers will also conduct testing and simulations using industrial fans as source of wind for calibration. The
materials that will be used for this study will be procured at a low cost as much as possible.
Due to the varying conditions of the wind velocity in certain places and time constant energy generation is not ensured in this study. The study only aims in the feasibility of the improved wind belt generator as an alternative energy source considering the availability of the wind source.
1.7 Definition of Terms
Wind belt – a piece of elastic material that is stretched at different lengths that would vibrate when faced with wind activity.
Generator – a device that could generate electricity when induced with electromagnetic force.
Wind turbines – a technology used to convert kinetic energy of the wind to mechanical motion of turbines and producing electricity from it.
LED – Light Emitting Diode (LED) are diodes that uses electric current to produce light.
Oscillation – the motion of the wind belt of moving up and down due to the wind.
Neodymium magnet – a strong type of magnet used to induce electromagnetic energy to the coils.
Electromagnetic induction – is the process of changing the magnetic field of the coil which in turn can induce voltage and current within it.
Alternating Current (AC) – the current generated by the wind belt generator.
Direct Current (DC) – the current that is produced after the AC is filtered and converted.
Fluttering – The vibration of the wind belt that is caused by the wind passing through it.

DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN IMPROVED WIND CELL GENERATOR FOR USTP’S ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE COMPLEX
Mitzi Grace R. Lagat, Joshua Mikael J. Pabayo, Jhon Rey T. Tacbobo, Arcel R. Salem
University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines CM Recto Avenue, Lapasan, Cagayan de Oro City
Abstract- Wind belt technology is not yet popular compare with other energy conversion devices. Wind belts can produce enough voltage but a very little amount of current, so the power from the wind belt is not yet usable. This study focuses on improving the output current of the wind cell compared with other wind cell designs. This study aims to generate an output current that could charge phones and light LED lights. The measured output current, voltage and power is compared to the previous study relative to wind belt technology. Based on the data gathered, it has been observed that average current the double mounted wind cell can generate is 2.36mA for an average velocity of 2.7 m/s compared to the previous study which can generate 0.50mA for an average velocity of 4m/s. To further improve the output of the prototype, the study proceeds to aggregate 10 wind cell into one window sized wind cell generator. It is observed that 10 wind cell can produce an average generated voltage of 20.168 volts and a current of 23.18 mA at 4.6 m/s wind speed with an average power of 468 mW.
Keywords— Wind belt, wind belt technology, wind cell generator
I. INTRODUCTION
Power generation is a leading cause of air pollution. Though energies generated such as electricity plays a crucial role in the advancement of our civilization, the current means it is being produced has negative effects on our environment. The world generates more than 66% of its electricity from fossil fuels, and another 8% from nuclear energy. Both fossil fuels and nuclear are considered sources of non-renewable energy (Greentumble, 2017). To address these problems, engineers are coming up with ways to generate energy more efficiently and more environment friendly processes with the use of renewable energy. In recent years, more and more ways of harnessing renewable energy. Mainly from wind, hydro, and solar energy, are being developed; be it large scale facilities or small rural applications.
One of the most popular is the generation of energy from the wind. Wind power describes the process by which wind is used to generate electricity and the most common technique in generating energy from the wind is by using wind turbines. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical energy which in turn is used to generate electricity by electromagnetic induction.
One of the emerging technologies of energy generation with the use of wind is the wind belt technology. Wind belt technology is used to cater small scale energy needs (Raunekk, 2009). Wind belt is similar to wind turbine in converting kinetic energy of the wind to electricity but instead of using the conventional rotating motion of electromagnetic induction wind belt uses a fluttering or oscillating motion of electromagnetic induction wind belt uses a fluttering or oscillating motion of inducing electricity (Balaguru, Vignesh, and Raj, 2013). And differently from wind turbine wind, belt can be built with a much lower cost and occupying much less space making it more practical for application for third world countries (Raunekk, 2009). In this study, the researchers aim to develop a prototype of wind belt technology which could produce to more than 18mW of generated power which was the maximum output generated by the local study that we hope to improve.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Wind Generation in the Philippines Philippines have significant wind energy resources spread across various islands of the country. According to Senator Zubiri, who played an important role in the passage of Renewable Energy Law of 20d08.Philippines has an operational wind energy capacity of 400 MW, more than anything other country in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region (Saurabh, 2016).
The Philippines has a tropical marine climate with varying wind patterns according to location and season. It has substantial wind energy potential especially on the Luzon and Palawan islands where meteorological as well as measurement data by
NREL show good to excellent wind speed for utility scale applications (Wind Energy in the Philippines, 2015). Figure 3 shows the Philippine’s potential wind energy source.
Wind Belt Technology
Wind belt was invented by Shawn Frayne in 2004. He was a winner of the 2007 Breakthrough Award from the publishers of the magazine, Popular Mechanics. When air passes over the device’s tiny ribbon-like vane, the fluttering vibration converts into a small amount of electricity. It was a novel approach to wind power, with the potential for a wider range of applications than a traditional turbine because of its compact profile (Sofge, 2008). Wind belt converts wind power to electricity and also known as a wind power harvesting device. Wind belts don’t have any gears or bearings which makes it more efficient and less expensive. A single wind belt can only generate less electricity but with multiple wind belts, it can generate more electricity (Husayan, 2017).
A wind belt is essentially an Aeolian harp except that it exploits the motion of the string produced by the aero elastic flutter effect to move a magnet closer and farther from one or more coils and thus induce current in the wires that make up the swag. This is an effect in which wind passes through the belt and would create vibration from the belt that would allow the magnet to move to be able to have generation of energy between the two coils (Windbelt – Reinventing wind power, n.d.).
The main component of a wind belt generator is the ribbon or belt. It is the platform for the performance of the Wind belt generator. It is triggered by the air flow that causes vibration to generate power thus experiencing an aero elastic flutter. The more vibration that more power is generated. A coil of wire is attached between 2 permanent magnets which causes the motion of the magnets to induce an electrical current. The materials for the ribbon can be anything durable enough to withstand high wind forces and should as light as possible so that the cut of wind speed flutter is minimized. The ribbon also needs to be torsional strong so that the oscillation is as linear as possible, with little twist during the motion. (Kanhe, Kurhade, and Kurpaka, 2017)
Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic induction is the production of voltage across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field. It is faraday’s law of induction in electromagnetism, a phenomenon that predicts how a magnetic field will react with an electric circuit to produce electromotive force (EMF). Michael Faraday’s famous law of electromagnetic induction states: “that a voltage is induced in a circuit whenever relative motion exists between a conductor and a magnetic field and that the magnitude of this voltage is proportional to the rate of change of the flux”. In other words, Electromagnetic Induction is the process of using magnetic fields to produce voltage, and in a closed circuit, a current (Electromagnetic Induction, n.d.). Faraday’s law of induction is:
Aeroelastic Flutter Aero elasticity is a branch of physics that studies the interactions between the inertial, elastic, and aerodynamic forces that occur when an elastic body is exposed to a fluid flow. It is classified into two fields: static aero elasticity, which deals with the steady response of an elastic body to a fluid flow; and dynamic aero elasticity, which deals with the body’s vibrational response. This study relates to the concept of the dynamic aero elasticity flutter. To define flutter, it is a self-feeding and potentially destructive vibration where aerodynamic forces on an object couple with a structure’s natural mode of vibration to produce rapid periodic motion (Bobby, 2012). The vibration oscillation of the object combined with wind, will urge the object to move faster.
Vibrations due to air flow
Vibrations due to air flow Vibrations deal with behavior of bodies under the influence of oscillatory forces. These forces are caused frequently by dynamically unbalanced masses in rotating machines or by the motion of the body itself. Vibrations can be used the way wind, say, we use for making the belt flutter. In our case, as we are trying to harness energy from vibration, high amplitudes will actually be beneficial. Higher the amplitude, more the belt will flutter, and more will be the output of the system (Kanhe et al., 2017). Neodymium Magnet There are three types of magnets: temporary, permanent, and electromagnets. Temporary magnets are those which act like a permanent magnet when they are within a strong magnetic field, but lose their magnetism when the magnetic field disappears. Permanent magnets are those once they are magnetized, they do not easily lose their magnetism. The common types of material that permanent magnets are made with are ceramic, samarium cobalt, alnico, and neodymium. Electromagnets are tightly wound helical coil of wire, usually with an iron core, which acts like a permanent magnet when current is flowing in the wire (Types of magnets, n.d). In this study, a neodymium magnet (NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet) will be used. A neodymium magnet
(2.1)
is a type of permanent magnet, widely used type of rare-earth magnet, and made from an alloy of neodymium, iron and boron to form the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystalline structure (Neodymium Magnet, 2018). A neodymium magnets will be used in this study since it is the strongest type of magnet commercially available and are difficult to demagnetize. Neodymium magnets are so strong that one a half-inch in diameter can lift several pounds of ferromagnetic objects.
III. METHODOLOGY
Research Design
This study will be conducted to further improve the current wind belt technology introduced by Husayan (2017). Some design considerations will be based on previous studies to come up with an improved design. Thus, this study will be an experimental prototyping of an improved wind cell generator.
A qualitative approach will be used to gather data about the wind belt technology. Qualitative approach includes information about the behavior and characteristics of wind, belt, magnet and coil. Quantitative approach will be used to quantify the variability of the wind cell. Studying previous study about wind generator will also provide and help what needs to be gathered.
The data that will be gathered by this modified system will be compared to the previous study as to evaluate and conclude whether the design of improving the wind cell is feasible.
Research Setting
The proposed prototype will be developed in the ECE laboratory of the Science and Technology of Southern Philippines. The testing and implementation will be conducted at the top of the 8th and 5th floor of the Bldg. 43 of the Engineering complex and Bldg. 41 of the Science complex respectively.
Research Procedure
Figure 1. Flowchart of the research procedure
Wind Cell Design
The wind cell will have two magnets attached to each of the belts end. The part where the magnets are placed will be in between two coils positioned above and below the magnets. The coil holder and the base of the wind cell frame will be supported by a 2×1 Mahogany stick. This study will be aggregating wind cells as one wind cell generator as a way to improve the output generation.
AC to DC Rectifier Design
The voltage that will be generated by the wind cell is AC. In order to convert the AC voltage into DC, AC to DC rectifier will be used as shown in figure 10. For this study the bridge rectifier that will be used is a W02M bridge rectifier. Figure 2 shows the specifications.
Figure 2. Bridge rectifier specifications
Neodymium Magnet
A neodymium magnet will be used since it is the strongest type of permanent magnet commercially available. It is a rare type magnet made from an alloy of neodymium, iron and boron to form the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystalline structure. It is reliable since it has already been proven from the previous study “Electricity Generation Using Wind Belt Technology” that among the different types of magnet they tested, Neodymium magnet provided higher energy conversion which generated an average of 2.42V for an average of 4m/s while the permanent magnets produced an average of 0.82V (Kanhe et al., 2017). Neodymium magnets are graded according to their maximum energy product, which relates to the magnetic flux output per unit volume. Higher values indicate stronger magnets and range from N35-52 (Neodymium Magnets, 2018). Specifically, an N52 type of Neodymium Magnet with a dimension of 20mm by 3mm cylindrical magnet will be used as the magnet in this study.
CONSULTATION
CONSULTATION
PLANNING AND DESIGNING
PLANNING AND DESIGNING
PROTOTYPE ASSEMBLY
PROTOTYPE ASSEMBLY
TESTING
TESTING
GATHERING OF DATA AND RESULTS
GATHERING OF DATA AND RESULTS
The Ribbon
Ideal belt material should be light and durable so that the fluttering motion is fast and suitable. Hence, a cloth ribbon will be used to sustain the tensioning. The ribbon also needs to be torsional strong so that the oscillation is as linear as possible, with little twist during the motion.
The Coil
The prototype will be using a made of copper coil. It has been recommended by the previous study to use gauge 38 for the coil to have more windings and lesser diameter to create more output than regular coil winding. In this study the researchers will use a gauge 37 copper wire which is slightly larger in diameter. This was chosen to decrease the total resistance of the coil but greatly changing the diameter.
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Objective 1: To design, develop, and implement an improved wind cell generator.
The researchers based their setup from various wind cell prototypes of previous studies. The wind cell typically has two magnets attached at one end of the belt with two coils facing each other and positioning the magnet in between them. In this study the researchers designed new ways for the wind cell, hoping to improve the generation of a wind cell prototype. Figure 3 is the design that the researchers assembled. Instead of having only two magnets and two coils attached to one end of the ribbon, this prototype adapts the use of both ends utilizing eight magnets and coils in one set up. The ribbon’s length is exactly 1 meter long. Each coil is made up of number 37 AWG magnet wire and turned 5000 times.
Table 1. Wind Cell Parameters
Single Coil EMF Calculation
A.Frequency
The frequency and output voltage of a single pair of coil using an oscilloscope (experimental) can be seen at table 3. It can be observed that 5000 turns of a coil can produced a range of 3-5V with a frequency range of 34-64Hz.
B.Area of Belt Surface 𝐴=𝐿·𝑏 𝐴=1𝑚·0.00015𝑚=0.00015𝑚2
C.Average Relative Magnetic Field Strength
The relative magnetic flux range for N52 magnets is 1.42-1.47. 𝐵𝑅=1.42+1.472=1.445 𝑇𝑒𝑠𝑙𝑎
D.Magnetic Flux Density(B) 𝑩=𝑩𝑹𝟐(𝑫+𝒛√𝑹𝟐+(𝑫+𝒛)𝟐−𝒛√𝑹𝟐+𝒛𝟐)
𝑩=𝟏.𝟒𝟒𝟓𝟐(𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑+𝟎.𝟎𝟐√𝟎.𝟎𝟏𝟐+(𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑+𝟎.𝟎𝟐)𝟐−𝟎.𝟎𝟐√𝟎.𝟎𝟏𝟐+𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟐)=0.01636T
Parameters
Value
No. of Turns of Coil
5000
Length of Belt
1m
Width of Belt
0.045m
Thickness of Belt
0.00015m
Thickness of Disc
0.003m
Radius of Disc
0.010m
Distance between the pole and closest conducting surface
0.02m
Average Air Velocity
2.67 m/s
Displacement of belt during fluttering
0.008m
Figure 3. Wind cell prototype
E.EMF
Using 62.50Hz shown in table 3, the amount of EMF produced from the wind cell is given by 𝑬=𝟐𝛑𝐍ƒ𝐀𝐁
𝐸=2π(5000)(62.50Hz)(0.00015)(0.0163)= 4.80V
Table 2 shows the results of experimental and theoretical emf (voltage) gathered for one pair of coils and magnets with different frequency resulting to different voltage output. Experimental emf is measured using oscilloscope while theoretical is calculated using the equation 4.4. It is observed that as the frequency increases the produced voltage also increases.
The Wind Cell Design
The final design of the prototype includes 2 parallel wind cell that have double mounted coils. The wind cell is consists of the frame, coils, belts, magnets and the output circuit. Output circuit is the one that converts the AC output of the coil to DC using a rectifier.
This study used a N52 magnet that has a 10mm radius and 3mm thickness. Dimension of this magnet is shown in figure 4. The coil used in this study is AWG #37. It has an inner diameter of 2.5cm, outer diameter of 3.5cm, and 2cm height. The Dimensions of the coil are shown in figure 5.
The output of the wind cell must be converted from AC to DC. The electricity generated by each coil is rectified independently using a full wave bridge rectifier, specifically a W02M with a forward voltage of 1v. The four coils in each side was in series then both sides were then connected in parallel as shown in figure 6.
Wind Velocity
The researchers conducted tests with an industrial fan on how the wind cell performs at constant velocity and direction of wind. Table 3 are the results that the researchers have gathered with the three settings, Setting 1 being the lowest level of wind
No. Turns
Frequency(Hz)
Emf(Volts)
Experimental
Theoretical
5000
62.50
4.80
4.80
58.27
5.20
4.476
57.87
5.00
4.445
63.61
5.00
4.886
55.30
4.60
4.248
45.87
3.80
3.523
42.66
3.40
3.277
38.55
3.40
2.961
34.19
3.00
2.626
41.94
3.60
3.221
Figure 3. Frame Dimensions
Figure 4. Magnet Dimensions
Figure 5. Coil Dimensions
Table 2. Experiment vs. Theoretical results of a single coil
Figure 6. AC to DC rectifier
speed that the industrial fan provided. The records show the wind speed and the corresponding output power of the wind cell.
By comparing the previous study’s output the figure 7 shows the difference of the wind cells performance. The current design is 1.68 more efficient than the previous design.
The working prototype was set up at the bldg. 43, Engineering Complex and bldg. 41, Science Complex. During the testing the wind was notice to vary inconsistently as well as the winds direction of flow.
Figure 8 and figure 9 show the relationship of the average wind speed and the corresponding time for the building 43 and building 41. The strongest of wind speeds are at around 2:00PM and starts to slow down.
0
0
0.5
0.5
1
1
1.5
1.5
2
2
2.5
2.5
3
3
9am
9am
10am
10am
11am
11am
12pm
12pm
1pm
1pm
2pm
2pm
3pm
3pm
4pm
4pm
Wind speed (m/s)
Wind speed (m/s)
Time of Day
Time of Day
Wind Speed vs Time of Day
Wind Speed vs Time of Day
No. of Trials
Wind Speed at the outlet (m/s)
Vdc (V)
Current(mA)
I = V/Rload
Power(mW)
P = I*Vdc
Setting
Trials
1
1
1.8
4.28
0.787
3.345
2
1.9
3.9
0.872
3.4001
3
2
4.04
0.936
3.781
4
2
4.28
0.979
4.190
5
2.1
4.4
0.957
4.211
2
1
2.8
10.95
2.447
26.794
2
2.8
11.36
2.532
28.764
3
2.9
11.07
2.617
28.970
4
2.8
11.34
2.0f21
22.918
5
2.7
11.65
2.872
33.459
3
1
3.3
16.84
3.660
61.6344
2
3.4
17.37
3.574
62.080
3
3.4
18.32
3.830
70.1656
4
3.5
17.36
3.617
62.791
5
3.1
17.30
3.809
65.8957
Table 3. Wind cell output using industrial fan
Figure 7. Single mounted vs Double mounted power generation
Figure 8. Wind speed taken from Engineering complex
Figure 8. Wind speed taken from Engineering complex
0
0
0.5
0.5
1
1
1.5
1.5
2
2
2.5
2.5
3
3
9am
9am
10am
10am
11am
11am
12pm
12pm
1pm
1pm
2pm
2pm
3pm
3pm
4pm
4pm
Wind speed (m/s)
Time of Day
Time of Day
Wind speed vs Time of Day
Wind speed vs Time of Day
10.57
10.57
14.35
14.35
18.6
18.6
8.88
8.88
59.38
59.38
125.54
125.54
0
0
20
20
40
40
60
60
80
80
100
100
120
120
140
140
160
160
4.6
4.6
5.9
5.9
6.5
6.5
Output power (mW)
Output power mW)
Wind speed (m/s)
Wind speed (m/s)
Current design
Current design
Previous design
Previous design
Figure 9. Wind speed taken from Science complex
Figure 10 depicts the voltage output over wind speed in Engineering and Science Complex. As the wind speed increases, the voltage output also increases.
Figure 11 shows the output current vs. wind speed of this study and the previous study. It can be observed that the double mounted wind cell can generate more current than the previous study as the velocity increases.
Objective 2: To design a prototype that could enhance the output current level of a wind cell generator.
To further improve the output of the prototype, the study proceeds to aggregate 10 wind cells into one window sized wind cell generator. Figure 12 is an illustration of the window size frame that would be used to hold 10 similar belts. The actual setup of the window sized frame is shown in figure 13. This study aims to generate an output current that could charge phones and light LED lights.
Aggregating 10 Double mounted belts would multiply the output generated as shown in table 4. The average generated voltage is 20.168 volts while the current is 23.18 mA at 4.6 m/s wind speed. The average power can now reach an average of 468 mW. With this output, it is sufficient to charge cellular phones when voltage is regulated.
0
0
5
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
0.6
0.6
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
Voltage(V)
Voltage