CUR535 Students Attitudes and Behaviors Outcomes and Evaluation Paper Section Four: Outcomes and Evaluation (Due Week 7) Write a 2- to 3-page paper that i

CUR535 Students Attitudes and Behaviors Outcomes and Evaluation Paper Section Four: Outcomes and Evaluation (Due Week 7)

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that includes the following information:

Expected outcomes

For each action goal you presented in Section Three, provide specific outcomes you hope to see if you were to implement this action research project.

Each goal may have several outcomes; therefore, number each outcome and present it in list form.

oThe outcomes should be stated in observable, measurable terms.

Measurement of outcomes

Describe how you plan to measure each projected outcome.

oBe specific about particular instruments and methods you would use.

oThis information is intended to aid another researcher interested in replicating your study.

Where possible, include copies of tests, questionnaires, or other instruments as an Appendix.
Explain how you would present your findings and to whom you will would present them.

Analysis of results

Describe how you plan to analyze your results.

Explain how you would determine if your solution strategy was effective.

References

List all sources you used to complete and support your action research proposal. These could be websites, articles, books, or other, but you should have a minimum of 7 peer-reviewed sources listed from your literature review.

Ensure your sources are cited according to APA guidelines throughout, including a reference page. Running head: ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Action Research Proposal
David Johnson III
1
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
2
Action Research Proposal
Section 1: Problem Identification
Problem Statement: The problem is focused on the nature of students’ attitudes and behaviors
which has affected the quality of education in the school system. Understanding the predicament
will lead to the involvement of various approaches in lessening the effect of the subject matter.
Problem description: The deterioration of students’ attitudes and behaviors has affected the
mode of teaching in schools where teachers report cases of disrespect, apathy, absenteeism, and
lateness. Most of the behaviors are voluntary and occasional in high schools and colleges. The
research will be conducted to analyze the causes and possible solutions for the predicament
affecting the school system. However, the research can be faced with the problem of a lack of
information when interviewing students or lack of voluntary participants in the survey. The
education problem has not been handled based on the nature of students and the high school and
college level that always look unbothered and uninterested in surveys. Therefore, the research
project will be based on the need for finding the cure for the problem affecting teenagers and
provide help to teachers in succeeding in the education programs.
Purpose of the project: I chose the topic due to the increased cases of disrespect towards
teachers whereby being a High School teacher has not been easy. Therefore, the research will
inspire teachers in ways of handling students’ bad behaviors and attitudes.
Section 2: Problem Documentation and Literature Review
Literature Review:
Authors
Title
Purpose of the study
Pertinent findings
supporting the project
Reeves et.al.
A BEME Systematic
The study evaluates
Interprofessional
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
3
review of the effects
the importance of
education is linked to
of Interprofessional
applying
social learning and
Education: BEME
interprofessional
ethical student
Guide No. 39.
education strategy in
development.
medical students as a
way of enhancing
education in the
clinical setting.
Blazar & Kraft
Teacher and Teaching
Teachers have the role The study focuses on
Effects on Students’
of supporting the
the role of teachers
Attitudes and
students in elevating
towards the students’
Behaviors.
attitudes and
attitudes and
behavior.
behaviors where
emotional support is
required.
De-Leeuw et al.
I am using the theory
To ascertain the
The study influences
of planned behavior to effectiveness of the
young people’s
identify fundamental
theory of planned
behavior.
beliefs underlying
behavior.
pro-environmental
behavior in high
school students:
Implications for
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
4
educational
interventions.
Briz-Ponce et al.,
Savelsbergh et al.,
Learning with mobile
Mobile technology
Students are willing to
technologies:
has helped in the
collaborate using
Students’ behavior.
development of
mobile technology
students’ behavior.
learning activities.
Effects of innovative
The research explores
The study provides
science and
five different teaching
evidence of a survey
mathematics teaching
approaches essential
conducted to ascertain
on students’ attitude
in elevating students’
the effectiveness of
and achievement: A
attitude and morale in
the teaching
meta-analytic study.
science and
approaches.
mathematics subjects.
Batty, Collins, &
Experimental
The research entails
The introduction of
Odders-White,
evidence on the
the purpose of
education to
effects of financial
introducing financial
elementary schools
education on
education to children.
will enhance
elementary schools
performance and
students’ knowledge,
increase interest in
behavior, and
study hence;
attitudes.
improving attitude
and behaviors.
Peterson et. Al.,
The impact of
The study helps in
The research
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
5
Entrepreneurial
elevating
measures the impacts
Education on
entrepreneurial
of entrepreneurial
Entrepreneurial
attitude by
education to students.
attitudes and
introducing
intentions: Hysteresis
entrepreneurial
and persistence.
education in schools.
Research Questions:
•
What role do teachers have in improving the students’ attitudes and behaviors in a
school?
•
How is the education system planning to handle the situation?
•
Do technology and the influence of social media affect the students’ behaviors in school?
Section 3: Solution Strategy
Action Goal: The goal of the research is to assess the effects of various attributes towards the
increased cases of students’ behavior and attitude to education. The use of Inter-professional
education, mobile technologies, and entrepreneurial education will be implemented to assess the
issue.
Selected Solution:
•
Questionnaires and research on High School students on their attitude towards education
•
Discuss with other teachers on the nature of students’ attitudes and behavior in the
modern settings
•
Conduct a detailed research of similar subject in an online platform and literature review
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
•
Ask for help from other teachers in assessing different types of students
•
Interact with parents in determining the lives of students at home
•
Conduct a survey on changes experienced to students who have been introduced to the
mobile/modern technology
•
Record the results for the study
Calendar Plan:
Week 1: Problem Identification
: Commencement of the research involving librarian
Week 2: Problem documentation
: Online research and survey involving students’ and teachers’ opinions
: Literature review involving librarian
Week 4: Solution strategy
: Evaluation of the literature obtained in the research
Week 5: Outcomes and evaluation
Week 6: Reviewing the results of the study
Section 4: Outcomes and Evaluations
Expected Outcomes : Inter-professional education, mobile technology, and entrepreneurial
education are vital assets for improving the morale, attitude, and the behavior of the students.
The outcomes include:
a. Increased attention in classroom
b. Loyalty to teachers
c. Improved interaction between students
d. Performance improvement in mathematics and science subjects
6
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
e. Enhanced law and order in school system
Measurement of Outcomes:
Attentiveness will be assessed through the corporation between teachers and students
Students’ loyalty and obedience will be measured by the need for reporting to school
Absenteeism will as well help in ascertaining the improved law and order
High grades will help in measuring the performance improvement among students.
Analysis of Results:
The results of the survey will be analyzed by indicating the findings of the research. The study
helped in obtaining information regarding the strategies of improving students’ attitudes and
behaviors. Therefore, the survey indicated that the proposed solutions are helpful in achieving
the outcomes.
7
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
8
References
Batty, M., Collins, J. M., & Odders‐White, E. (2015). Experimental evidence on the effects of
financial education on elementary school students’ knowledge, behavior, and
attitudes. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 49(1), 69-96.
Blazar, D., & Kraft, M. A. (2017). Teacher and teaching effects on students’ attitudes and
behaviors. Educational evaluation and policy analysis, 39(1), 146-170.
Briz-Ponce, L., Pereira, A., Carvalho, L., Juanes-Méndez, J. A., & García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2017).
Learning with mobile technologies–Students’ behavior. Computers in Human
Behavior, 72, 612-620.
De Leeuw, A., Valois, P., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2015). Using the theory of planned behavior
to identify key beliefs underlying pro-environmental behavior in high-school students:
Implications for educational interventions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 42,
128-138.
Peterson, E. R., Rubie-Davies, C., Osborne, D., & Sibley, C. (2016). Teachers’ explicit
expectations and implicit prejudiced attitudes to educational achievement: Relations with
student achievement and the ethnic achievement gap. Learning and Instruction, 42, 123140.
Reeves, S., Fletcher, S., Barr, H., Birch, I., Boet, S., Davies, N., … & Kitto, S. (2016). A BEME
systematic review of the effects of interprofessional education: BEME Guide No.
39. Medical teacher, 38(7), 656-668.
Savelsbergh, E. R., Prins, G. T., Rietbergen, C., Fechner, S., Vaessen, B. E., Draijer, J. M., &
Bakker, A. (2016). Effects of innovative science and mathematics teaching on student
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
attitudes and achievement: A meta-analytic study. Educational Research Review, 19,
158-172.
9
Johnson III 1
Name David Johnson
Course CUR 535
Professor Dr. Wittenberg
March 26, 2019
Graphical representation of the research questions and methods of collection of data
Research
question:
Is the
education
offered to VI
students
adequate for
them to adapt
to their social
and academic
environments?
Data
collection
strategy 1:
Conduction of
in-depth
interviews on
the VI
students will
provide the
data required
to determine
the
satisfaction
level of the
education
offered.
Data
collection
strategy 2:
Carrying out
focused group
discussions
with the VI
and regular
students in
separate
sessions will
help
determine the
factors that
hinder the
social and
academic life
development
of the VI
students.
Data
collection
strategy 3:
Administering
structured
questionnaires
for both
groups of
students will
help
determine
what needs to
be done in
order to make
the education
of the VI
students more
satisfactory.
Baseline data:
This data is
provides future
targets for the
study and helps
estimate expected
changes.
The academic
performance of
the VI students
over the past 1
year.
The number of
friends VI
students have
among the regular
students.
Running head: PROBLEMS FACED BY STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
Problem Identification
Problems Faced by Students with Visual Impairment
David Johnson III
23 March 2019
PROBLEMS FACED BY STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
1
Problem Identification: Problems Faced by Students with Visual Impairment
Introduction
Every teacher desires to place a student in an environment where he or she can gain a lot
from the teaching. Teachers face challenges dealing with students that have a visual impairment.
That is because teachers are required to consider the difficulties faced by visually impaired
students before making important decisions. For instance, most teachers do not have any
experience of dealing with students that use braille. Most schools ignore the fact that they should
make sure that they have a teacher who is skilled in teaching braille so that he or she can offer
assistance to the regular ed teacher (Gabbert, 2019). That implies that there should be a close
working connection among all teacher to ensure that such happens. For such to happen, much
hard work has to be involved.
Problem Statement
The problem is accommodations and modifications of visually impaired students are not
being implemented effectively by the regular classroom teachers. Upon narrowing of the
problem, an intervention should and will be implemented
Problem Description
Systems followed by most schools do not ensure that a VI teacher is available throughout
the day and thus they try to rush things so that the needs of the students can be met within the
limits of the VI teacher. Even though students with a visual impairment may sometime exhibit
cognitive delays or fail to, some considerations that should be considered in the learning process
may fail to be noticeable (Grancis, 2006). Learning challenges may be realized especially when a
child with visual impairment is not capable of learning from what a person sees. This is what
PROBLEMS FACED BY STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
2
happens in the classroom. Such students are not able to gain both academically and
environmentally in a regular ed classroom compared to when such students are with teachers
who are trained to bridge such gaps.
The regular ed placement is also not sufficient in ensuring that the visually impaired
students adapt well on a social level. That makes it quite challenging for students with
considerable impairment students to adapt socially in the regular classroom. For instance, some
students tend to associate less with students that have low vision or are blind unless a teacher
offers some vital support. Even with the teacher`s help, it is not that easy to accomplish social
adaptation (Grancis, 2006). The capability of adapting to social life is dependent on the
individual. That is because even though some students may take less time to attune, others may
take a considerably longer time and hence more patience is required.
Some of the difficulties that may be encounter when researching with this issue include
the fact that some students who are visually impaired may fail to provide information concerning
the level of satisfaction they get in a particular school. Also, some teachers and heads of school
may offer biased details regarding the measures that they undertake for ensuring that the visually
impaired students gain as much as other students. In additions, the needs of visually impaired
students vary from student to student, and hence this has to analyze the challenges faced by each
student to avoid coming to a wrong conclusion.
One of the reasons why the problem has not been addressed is because most institutions
are not aware of the real issues that the visually impaired students are facing. Also, the number
of students with such students is relatively low, and hence most teachers tend to ignore the
challenges that these students face (Gabbert, 2019). As such, the rationale behind the selection of
action research for addressing this issue involves the identification of the problems that the
PROBLEMS FACED BY STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
3
visually impaired students face in a regular school and development of effective strategies of
addressing those particular challenges.
Furthermore, I picked the topic because I have always desired to help classmates that had
the problems of low vision in the classroom. I relate to the topic since my cousin experienced the
same situation, and hence I understand the real issues that these students face. I am also in a
motivational club, and thus I influence this topic by encouraging visually impaired students in
dealing with their problems as well as encouraging others to associate well with them.
By undertaking this action research, I plan to inform the institutions and the public
concerning the problems that visually impaired students face and the practical strategies that can
be undertaken in ensuring that these problems are addressed.
REFERENCES
Gabbert, C. (2019). Inclusion Strategies for Mainstreamed Classrooms. Bright Hub Education
Grancis, G. (2006). Teaching Students with Special Needs in Inclusive Settings. Pearson
Education Canada Inc.
Running Head: PROBLEM DOCUMENTATION AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Problem Documentation and Literature Review
Name
Instructor
Institutional Affiliation
Date
1
PROBLEM DOCUMENTATION AND LITERATURE REVIEW
2
Problems Faced by Students with Visual Impairment
Problem documentation
Current evidence indicates that students with visual impairment face numerous
challenges which continue to affect their academic outcome. To be able to identify these
problems, a critical review of current peer-reviewed published literature will be highlighted. The
evidence from peer-reviewed will be supported by a survey result from a list of 50 visually
impaired university students and 50 university lecturers. Visually impaired students and lecturers
will be the groups of focus for this study because they first, visually impaired students have
firsthand account of the problems/challenges they face on a day-to-day basis. On the other hand,
the university lecturer is associated with these students. Therefore, they understand them better.
Research Question
1. What are the significant challenges faced by students with visual impairment?
Much literature has been written on the various problems that students with visual
impairment usually encounter. It is evident from the problem definition that indeed students with
visual impairment usually face numerous problems in their journey of education. As highlighted
in the problem definition, students with a visual impairment may fail to provide information
regarding the level of their satisfaction within the school and in the class environment. Moreover,
some teachers and heads of school may offer biased details regarding the measures that they
undertake for ensuring that the visually impaired students gain as much as other students. In
additions, the needs of visually impaired students vary from student to student, and hence this
has to analyze the challenges faced by each student to avoid coming to a wrong conclusion. In
this problem documentation, the goal is to review relevant research literature and evaluate the
PROBLEM DOCUMENTATION AND LITERATURE REVIEW
3
perspective of various researchers in regards to the problems faced by students with visual
impairment.
Survey Questions
1. What are some of the problems you face in learning academically?
2. Do you normally face difficulty in making friends?
3. As an individual do you get any institutional support for your visual impairment to help
you academically?
4. Are you teachers/tutors/lecturers understand your level of disability and do they make an
effort to enhance your learning experience?
5. Do you have access to Braille in your classroom?
6. Do you feel excluded or disengaged from your classmates who are sighted?
7. Are you normally given time extensions during the examination?
8. Do you feel you have the needed resources at your disposal to help you learn adequately
as you sighted fellows?
9. Do you receive any government support in regards to your disability?
10. Are you getting encouragement from your peers and teachers as a way of motivating
you?
Author(s) of the
study
Fatima, G., Bashir,
R., Malik, M., &
Safder, M.
Title and year of the
study
Purpose of the study
Pertinent findings
that support your
project
Difficulties Faced by
Students with Visual
Impairment
Registered in Open
and Distance
Learning Programs of
AIOU, Islamabad,
Pakistan
The major purpose of
this survey study was
to explore difficulties
and barriers faced by
students with visual
impairment. A selfdeveloped and
validated
questionnaire was
employed for data
collection from a
sample of about 40
students with visual
impairment.
The major finding
revealed that students
with visual
impairment
encountered and
continue to encounter
problems in
orientation,
transportation,
academics, taking
examination,
provision of reading
materials in Braille,
use of information,
and taking
examination through
different modes.
(2014)
PROBLEM DOCUMENTATION AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Salleh, N. M., &
Zainal, K.
How and why the
visually impaired
students socially
behave the way they
do
(2010)
Majoni, C., &
Mashatise, J.
Challenges faced by
students with
blindness studying
through open and
distance learning
(2017)
4
The purpose of this
study was discuss the
social behaviors of
visually impaired
students by
comparing their level
of socializing and
discipline in school.
It also focused on
highlighting the
various problems that
they encounter within
the school
environment.
The finding of this
study is that most of
the visually impaired
were passive and
generally had
difficulties in
interacting with
people. However the
study also found that
the level of
indiscipline among
the visually impaired
was similar to that of
the sighted students.
The study proposes a
few intervention
strategies to help the
visually impaired
students adapt to
their environment
and secure peer and
community…
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