Development of A 2D Traversing System Essay (minimum 750 words; no maximum) Philosophers of Technology have often argued that technologies are value-laden
Development of A 2D Traversing System Essay (minimum 750 words; no maximum)
Philosophers of Technology have often argued that technologies are value-laden rather than being merely value-neutral. One reason for thinking so is because the act of building or making always presupposes value-judgments about what we think is worth building or making in the first place. Put another way, what we make or build often reveals what we think is worth doing: making and building reveal what we take to be a problem, and whether that problem is worth solving.
In Paper 1, you wrote about how introducing new technologies into different cultures require their people to adapt or change their lifestyles, including the sphere of life we might call the political (that is, how and where they work, how they think, how they live, how they form organizations and institutions, etc.). In Paper 3, you will do the same kind of analysis but with your senior project in mind.
Give an account of your own values infrastructures (see the reading by Cook) that explain your intentions behind the design of your senior project. Assume that your senior design project is going to be adopted in a country outside the US and Canada. Consider the potential for conflict at the level of differing values infrastructures between you as a designer and the adopting population as end users.
In your write up, be sure to:
1. Describe what you are building for your senior project.
2. Explain: why you are making it?; how are you making it?; for whom are you making it?
3. Assume that your design will be adopted in a country outside the US and Canada. Pick one country only.
4. Give an account of your own values infrastructures that best explain your intentions behind your senior project. Consider the intentions behind your design and the intentions of your targeted end users. Can you anticipate or foresee unintentional consequences in your design? Can you foresee whether your design will be used ethically or unethically? Are there any ways you would not want your design to be used at all?
Grading
Write an essay that addresses the questions above. When you respond to these questions, you should be specific and cite specific details from the readings, class lectures, and your own research. You may provide references from your own research, but only in addition to material provided by the course. Also, you should make sure to cite your sources in your response and include a reference list at the end of your essay. Citations must be from reputable sources. Sites like Wikipedia, about.com, etc. are NOT considered acceptable sources.
Higher credit will be given for responses that show evidence of a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the topics involved.
You are encouraged to review the rubric for this assignment and make sure that you answer each question in detail and with specifics.
Correct use of English is a fundamental requirement for your papers to be graded. If errors in English make it difficult for a grader to understand your sentences, or excessively slow down the grader to mark your technical errors, your paper will be returned to you for further work on its English, and your grade for the paper will be deferred until it is resubmitted with corrected English. If your assignment is returned for an excessive number of grammatical errors, you will be allowed to rewrite and resubmit it within two weeks of the original return date. If not resubmitted by the date set by your instructor, you will receive a zero (0) for the writing assignment.
Formatting
Standard font, preferably Arial in either 11pt or 12pt.
MLA, APA, or any other format is acceptable provided that it is consistent through the entire paper. Please, no cover sheets.
Criteria Ratings Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeThesis
20.0 pts
Thesis is clear and coherent throughout the entire paper.
17.0 pts
Thesis is clear and coherent throughout most of the paper.
14.0 pts
Thesis is intelligible, but needs work.
10.0 pts
Thesis is unclear or incoherent.
6.0 pts
Thesis is missing.
0.0 pts
No observable effort in writing a thesis.
20.0pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeDescription
20.0 pts
Descriptions of senior project design and its introduction to another country are clear and relevant.
17.0 pts
Descriptions of senior project design and its introduction to another country are sufficiently clear and relevant.
14.0 pts
Descriptions of senior project design and its introduction to another country are intelligible, but need work.
10.0 pts
Descriptions of senior project design and its introduction to another country are unclear or irrelevant.
6.0 pts
Descriptions are missing.
0.0 pts
No observable effort in describing.
20.0pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeValues Infrastructures
20.0 pts
Explanation of values infrastructures is clear and detailed.
17.0 pts
Explanation of values infrastructures is sufficiently clear and detailed.
14.0 pts
Explanation of values infrastructures is intelligible, but needs work.
10.0 pts
Explanation of values infrastructures is unclear and irrelevant.
6.0 pts
Explanation is missing.
0.0 pts
No observable effort in explaining.
20.0pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeReflection on Ethics and Senior Project Design
20.0 pts
Reflection upon ethics, intention, and design is clear and detailed.
17.0 pts
Reflection upon ethics, intention, and design is sufficiently clear and detailed.
14.0 pts
Reflection upon ethics, intention, and design is intelligible, but needs work.
10.0 pts
Reflection upon ethics, intention, and design is unclear and lacks detail.
6.0 pts
Reflection is missing.
0.0 pts
No observable effort in reflecting.
20.0pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeEssay Mechanics
20.0 pts
Executes on spelling, grammar, and paragraph structure perfectly.
17.0 pts
Executes on spelling, grammar, and paragraph structure nearly perfectly.
14.0 pts
Executes on spelling, grammar, and paragraph structure intelligibly.
10.0 pts
Pervasive problems in spelling, grammar, sentence and/or paragraph structure.
6.0 pts
Enough pervasive problems in spelling, grammar, sentence and/or paragraph structure to make overall essay very difficult to understand.
0.0 pts
No observable effort in essay mechanics.
20.0pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSLO 3: Cultural change outside U.S
threshold: 3.0 pts
5.0 ptsExceeds Expectations
3.0 ptsMeets Expectations
0.0 ptsDoes Not Meet Expectations
—
Total Points: 100.0 Pengkun Chen
Prof Kyle Yrigoyen
ENGR 195B
February 17
Political Qualities Inherent In Technology
A solar cells or photoelectric cell is an electrical device in a solid state that
converts light energy directly into electricity through the photovoltaic. The energy of light
is usually transmitted by photons, which are small quantum or packet of light. The
development of solar cell technology was initiated in 1839 by the research done by a
French physicist Antoine-Cesar Becquerel made the observation of photovoltaic effect
during his experimentation with a solid electrode inside an electrolyte solution (Pegels et
al., 2018). He observed the development of voltage when the light fell upon the
electrode. From there Charles Fritts invented the first solar cell in 1883 through the use
of junctions by coating a semiconductor (selenium) with a very thin gold layer. Albert
Einstein described the photoelectric effect in 1905, and he received the Physics Nobel
prize in 1921. Later on, in 1941, Russell Ohl invented the silicon solar cell which ad
inefficiencies in energy conversion. In 1954, three American researchers, Calvin Fuller,
Gerald Pearson, and Daryl Chapin designed efficient solar cells which were capable of
a 6% energy conversion in a highly efficient way with direct sunlight.
China is the biggest solar market around the globe. It has installed capacity of
about 130 GW which is far much higher than that of US and Japan which are roughly,
60 GW and 46 GW respectively (Zhang et al., 2017). The Chinese are using solar cell
energy for various purposes including solar water heating in which the country has
recorded the largest capacity globally, with about 290 GW recorded annually. Besides,
solar power has replaced fossil fuels such as coal in the manufacturing and processing
industries as a renewable source of energy. In the recent years, China has surpassed
several countries in the adoption of solar cell technology, in a move to help most
Chinese countries to thrive in tougher export markets and to cut the nation’s dangerous
over-reliance in coal. Also, there are many manufacturers of solar panels in China, and
they have overtaken the Japan, German, and U.S manufacturers within a single decade
and emerged the world’s biggest source of solar panels and a leading user or consumer
too.
The Solar cells technology possessed some inherent political qualities, and it has
greatly influenced the political behavior of people in China in various ways. Solar
electric technology is imbued with political character regarding the present national
political scene in China and as inherently, innately political. It interacts with
environmentalism politics, it has challenges and can bring about the redistribution of
wealth and its decentralization (Zhang et al., 2017). Just as most users of solar electric
technology think, it is true that technological artifact is actually political. It both interacts
with the current Chinese political structures and presents an alternative to them as well.
Again, the perspectives of the people on the politics inherent in solar technology
have shaped their understandings of different limitations to as well as the motivations
for adoption of the alternative technology which is in one way or another more efficient
than the fossil fuels used before its introduction such as coal. Generating electricity from
solar energy through solar electric generation technology or PV provides a substitute for
the dominant types of electric generation that rely on fossil fuels (Lin & Purra, 2019).
The politics of Photovoltaic technology are complex as well as multi-faceted, and there
are several ways in which their political relations can be theorized.
The introduction of solar energy in China has presented an opportunity to extend
the control and responsibility to a larger number of people. It also presents an
opportunity for the creation of diversity rather than uniformity in the Chinese
sociotechnical constitution. In this sense, the residential solar panels are a soft path
technology which majorly relies on standard, small, easy-to-make components as well
as technical resources that are dispersed in many organizations of different sizes or
habits (Lin & Purra, 2019). Thus, everyone can get into the act, unimpeded by these
decentralized bureaucracies. Therefore, Solar cells technology in China is an instance
in which most critical technology theorists ascribed inherent political qualities of
properties to technical systems.
Further, my position regarding whether or not the introduction of solar cells
technology to China was ethical is that it is actually very ethical. This is because solar
energy is an alternative to the fossil fuels that are polluting the planet. Solar cells are a
renewable and eco-friendly energy source, and their introduction to China will actually
help make the people live greener lives (Pegels et al., 2018). Solar panels are a positive
and ethical add at home especially to sunny countries like China. Solar energy is a
revolution that brings good to the country, the environment, and the people. Fostering
solar energy in China is ethical as it means mitigating the pollution systems such as coil
and oil.
The introduction of Solar cell technology in China is ethical, and technology
possesses some inherently political properties. This argument is supported by the
propositions of two technological theories. The substantive theory view technology as a
religion because one chooses to use it they do not simply render their existing way of
life more efficient, they choose a different way of life (Winner, 2017). The introduction of
solar cell technology in China makes it go down the technology development, and it will
be transformed into a technological society, a particular type of society, which is
dedicated to values like power and efficiency. Again, the Critical theory recognizes
holds that humans do not need to wait for God to transform their technological society
into a better place to live. They should be innovative, welcome technology and device
appropriate institutions that can exercise human control over it to minimize associated
problems.
References
Lin, K. C., & Purra, M. M. (2019). Transforming China’s electricity sector: Politics of
institutional change and regulation. Energy policy, 124, 401-410.
Pegels, A., Vidican-Auktor, G., Luetkenhorst, W., & Altenburg, T. (2018). Politics of
green energy policy. The Journal of Environment & Development, 27(1), 26-45.
Winner, L. (2017). Do Artifacts Have Politics? Computer Ethics, 177-192.
doi:10.4324/9781315259697-21
Zhang, D., Wang, J., Lin, Y., Si, Y., Huang, C., Yang, J., … & Li, W. (2017). Present
situation and future prospect of renewable energy in
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 76, 865-871.
China. Renewable and
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Susan Bowley
Subject
assignment extension
Send an individual message to each recipient
Hello Professor,
Not sure if you read this weeks discussion but me and some classmates asked for an extension on assignment
10 and 11 due Sunday the 28th. We have two writing assignments for our senior classes due Sunday also on
top of the assignment that was due yesterday, its just overwhelming for one week on top of senior projects.
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Development of a 2D Traversing System to Assist a DBD Plasma Wound Healing Probe
Operations
• Scanning with plasma probe inside as shown in
Figure 5 (making a table and figure out the
traveling time with Step size = one inch, two inch,
three inch…).
• Auto scanning: the robotic arm will automatic scan
the area.
• Coordinates scanning, the robotic arm will scan the
area appointed by coordinates.
Introduction
Sterilization and rapid healing of wounds using plasma
jets is gaining attention due to its effectiveness and
simplicity. For this purpose, dielectric barrier discharge
(DBD) plasma jets are being developed. A similar DBD
Plasma Probe with unique features (Patent US
9,433,071 B2) is designed at IntelliScience Research
shown as Figure 1. Plasma Jet exiting this probe is
being exposed to blood drops to achieve rapid healing
by controlling the process of blood coagulation (Singh
et al, April 2019), Figure 2
• For practical purposes, the plasma probe must scan the
wound surface to achieve the desired results of rapid
healing by coagulating blood at a rapid rate. This is
being achieved by designing a 2D traversing mechanism
that will hold the probe and will scan the wound surface
at a desired position and speed.
• This project focuses on the development of a 2D
traversing mechanism to achieve this purpose.
Power will be delivered by stepper motors using
LabVIEW control. Designated location can be reached
through controlled steps. A LabVIEW based program is
developed to have an effective control over the
traversing system.
Equipment and Design Parameter
• TB6600 4A 9-42V Stepper Motor Driver CNC Controller.
National Instrument’s NI myDAQ-equipped with NI LabVIEW,
Multisim, & Ultiboard
Nema 17 Stepper Motor Bipolar 2A 59Ncm(84oz. in)
• NEMA 23 Stepper Motor 1.5A 3.4Nm(481.5loz-in) 2Phase 1.8
Degree High Torque Step Motor 3D Printer 77mm(3.03in.)
12V DC Switching Power Supply 150W, Universal Regulated
Transformer AC 110V-220V to DC 12V
• CNC parts – Torque estimations
X-axis and Y-axis.
X-holding torque: 13.281b*inch
X-axis weight: 12.481b
Y-holding torque: 5.491b*inch
Y-axis weight: 2.561b
Figure 2. Fresh blood drop is
exposed to plasma to observe rapid
coagulation with and without
plasma. This process was captured
by imaging the fibrin web that
trapped the red blood cells and
caused coagulation. Coagulation
results are presented in the
reference by Singh et al.
Figure 1: Two different designs of the Plasma
probes developed at IntelliScience Research
LLC for biological applications. In each case
Helium plasma is generated at atm pressure.
Design Overview and Simulation Result
Figure 5: 2D Traversing system with end plate to hold
the plasma probe for scanning purposes. The holder can
be replaced to incorporate multiple plasma probes.
Conclusions
• A 2D Traversing system is designed and developed
to hold a DBD plasma probe.
• Traversing system will scan the area of interest at a
desired speed and will reach the desired location
directly without scanning,
The scanning area covered by this system is about
12 in x 12in. Stepper motors are used for this
purpose.
• Auto scanning will help the plasma to scan the
wound surface without touching the wound surface.
• Auto scanning will also help to expose the wound
surface with the ozone that is created as the plasma
jet is created in the atmosphere. Ozone is believed to
sterilize the wound surface along with rapid healing
via fast blood coagulation.
• ALABVIEW program is developed to achieve auto
scanning of the system.
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Cont
Objectives
To design a computer control 2D scanning/traversing
system capable of scanning the area of above 12in x
12in in a controlled manner, Figure 3.
System is capable to conduct scan for a full round, and
also reaches the designed position directly from the
base.
A special holder is designed and placed at the end of the
traversing system to hold the plasma probe, Figure 5.
A compatible LabVIEW program is developed to
control motion of the traversing system.
The robotic arm primarily serves the aim to hold the
Plasma probe to collect data in a specified location.
It is designed to perform a higher accuracy level by
controlling speed and step taken to reach the desired
location.
Detailed designed calculations for various applied loads
are performed using SolidWorks, Figure 4(a,b,d,e).
Selection of stepper motors and gears are based on the
calculation results.
SolidWorks was used to design the traversing system
and its accessories to get it machined.
CNC machining was used to develop various parts.
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Figure 3. Overall of the 2D Traversing System
Con
Figure 468): Design calculations for various loads and detailed stress analysis.
Future Work
Traversing system is being upgraded for 3D
movement of the plasma probe.
• This is being achieved by adding another stepper
motor to the system along with additional hardware
for the third direction.
• LABVIEW program is being updated to control 3D
matie of threrenon.
Eigure 4ak The Simulation of the Y-axis Extension Rod the
loading show in graph is 100 N.
Figure 4b): Simulation of the plasma holder under 500 N.
Eigure (d): The Simulation of the Xaxis Assembly, the loading
show in graph is 1000 N
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