ECON330 Grossmont Shifting to 3D Printing for Xerox and Its Benefits Case Paper CON E 330 Section-1&2 Study Spring 2019 I. Case Study 50 Points: All Indiv

ECON330 Grossmont Shifting to 3D Printing for Xerox and Its Benefits Case Paper CON E 330 Section-1&2 Study Spring 2019 I. Case Study 50 Points: All Individual work; Hard copy at the beginning of the class, No Email or posting on Bb. All Case Study Assignment due: WednesdayMay 1; 2019 at the beginning of the class; late work will not be accepted You will be required to apply information that you learn to the Case Study Tasks Recommend: a) Select a Case-Study to cover 3-4 topics in your field of study; related to Process developments for Product design or Application and Implementation of capital equipment’s selections. Interest and Equivalence Economic; Present Worth and Annual Cash Flow Analysis Choosing the Best Alternative; Income Tax; Replacement Analysis; Inflation and Price Change Safety and Environmental Needs in the Public or Private Sector. b) Research Report MS word format 10-12 pages single space. All Individual case study report Bring Hard copy to class no POSTING on Bb. CON E 330 Section-1&2 Study Spring 2019
I. Case Study 50 Points: All Individual work; Hard copy at the beginning of the class,
No Email or posting on Bb.
All Case Study Assignment due: Wednesday May 1; 2019 at the beginning of the
class; late work will not be accepted
You will be required to apply information that you learn to the Case Study Tasks
Recommend:
a) Select a Case-Study to cover 3-4 topics in your field of study; related to Process developments
for Product design or Application and Implementation of capital equipment’s selections.
Interest and Equivalence Economic; Present Worth and Annual Cash Flow Analysis
Choosing the Best Alternative; Income Tax; Replacement Analysis; Inflation and Price Change
Safety and Environmental Needs in the Public or Private Sector.
b) Research Report MS word format 10-12 pages single space. All Individual case study report
Bring Hard copy to class no POSTING on Bb.
c) All Case Study Assignment due Wednesday May 1; 2019 at the beginning of the class
Select a Case Study to meet Course Learning Outcomes:
Application: Case Study:
50 Points
Proposal of Case Study; Explain the Issues or concerns and report
5 points
Apply various Engineering Economy techniques (at least 3methods) and
15 points
Apply relevant formulas for financial analysis.
5 points
Explain engineering economy analysis in the Private or Public sector
10 points
Apply economic analysis in managerial decision and recommendations
10 points
With alternatives and future risk factor
II. Optional Presentation: Extra 15 points
Hard -Copy: both report and Plus Power points
a) Research Report MS word format 10-12 page
b) MS; Power point Format 6-8 Pages
5 points
CASE STUDY EVALUATION FORM
Area
Outstanding (9-10)
Facts
The detail and
cope of the
information
incorporated into
the project
demonstrates
considerable
familiarity.
Facts, key
concepts and
principles were
presented in an
orderly fashion
with logically
sound
conclusions.
The student
brought together
ideas around to
create a
meaningful,
coherent essay.
The student could
have provided
greater detail and
scope.
The student had
some difficulty
furnishing
sufficient evidence.
The student
failed to provide
information that
is accurate and
relevant to the
project.
The student’s
presentation of
facts, and principles
was orderly; with
one erroneous
inference.
Some of the facts,
are presented in a
disorderly fashion
with some
erroneous
inferences.
The student brought
together ideas,
however, sufficient
context is lacking.
The student has
demonstrated
vocabulary and
variety in
expression
superior to this
grade level.
The student
consistently uses
correct
grammar,
syntax, spelling,
punctuation, and
capitalization.
The student has
demonstrated
vocabulary and
variety in expression
expected at this
grade level.
The essay contains
satisfactory factual
and conceptual
content, but is
presented in a
disjointed,
“grocery list”
fashion.
The student has
not demonstrated
vocabulary or
variety in
expression
expected at this
grade level.
The student has an
average of 3 or 4
errors per page in
grammar, syntax,
spelling,
punctuation, and
capitalization.
Presentation of
facts, key
concepts and
principles is
disorderly and
there are
multiple errors in
reasoning.
The student has
failed to
construct a
coherent essay
built around an
identifiable
organizing theme
or concept.
The student has
utilized a
vocabulary with
little or no range
and/or no variety
in expression.
The student has
used a wide
variety of
informative and
relevant sources.
The student has
used a sufficient
number of sources.
The student has
provided sources
but had difficulty
integrating them.
Less than 12%
12-15%
15-20%
Analysis
Synthesis
Vocabulary
/Rhetoric
Mechanics and sentence
structure
Research (if applicable)
Turnitin Originality
Good (7.5-9)
The student has an
average of fewer
than 3 errors per
page in grammar,
syntax, spelling,
punctuation, and
capitalization.
Fair (6-7.5)
Poor (below 6)
The student has
an average of
more than 4
errors per page
in grammar,
syntax, spelling,
punctuation, and
capitalization.
The student has
failed to provide
sufficient
relevant sources
for this
assignment.
20-25%
Course Objectives
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
To Offer Framework for cost management in engineering Projects.
To offer assistance in managerial decision making
To introduce fundamentals of Personal, Private and Public-sector Financing Engineering Projects
Apply Mathematics of finance to engineering and managerial decision making.
Introduce the fundamentals of economic analysis used in engineering decision making.
To introduce Economic Analysis of Replacement and Retention Decisions
To prepare students for PE/FE Examinations
Course Learning Outcomes:
This course is one of many that you will take towards your degree in Civil, Construction or
Environmental Engineering. Each of our courses is designed as part of your career development in your
respective Engineering profession. Program Outcomes are intended to provide a broad base of
knowledge to find your career. However, each course in the curriculum emphasizes particular aspects of
that overall body of knowledge. Although other outcomes may also be addressed, this course is intended
to have a particular emphasis on the following program outcomes
OUTCOME 9: Apply relevant techniques, skills and modern engineering tools to solve a simple
problem
Assessed by: Homework, Midterm and Final Exam
a) Formulate and solve time value of money problems
b) Apply various Engineering Economy techniques to compare engineering alternatives.
OUTCOME 12: Explain key concepts and problem-solving processes used in management
Assessed by: Homework
a) Apply results of economic analysis in managerial decision making
b) Apply relevant formulas for financial analysis
OUTCOME 13: Explain key concepts and problem-solving processes used in business, public
policy and public administration
Assessed by: Homework and Quizzes
a) Explain relevance of engineering economy analysis in the private sector
b) Explain relevance of engineering economy analysis in the public sector
Writing a Research Paper
Some general guidelines to keep in mind while writing a research paper.
Finding a Researchable Topic
•
•
•
Try to narrow down two or three topics that truly interests you
Talk with your course instructor and classmates about your topics
Pose your topics as a question to be answered or a problem to be solved
Finding, Selecting, and Reading Sources
You will need to look at the following types of sources:
•
•
•
•
Look up library books using catalog on Moodle or library page on the website. Search
using the keyword or subject.
Use LIRN. This database has peer reviewed full text articles, E-books, newspaper articles
etc.
Open courseware, Magazine and newspaper articles can provide you with some facts.
Primary vs. secondary sources
Documenting Information
The following systems will help keep you organized:
•
•
•
Create an annotated bibliography for all your resources. This allows you to cite,
summarize and evaluate resources.
Use Bibme, Citefast or Refdot etc. to organize your content
If you want to use 10 references, plan to research three times more that would be around
30.
Start your paper from bottom up
•
•
•
•
Start by writing references.
Once you have enough material to start, work on the topic, its significance, etc.
Use your referenced material to enhance your topic, refute it or build on it.
Any time a quote is used from the above organized material, provide in text citation.
Writing the Body
•
•
•
•
Use outline and prospectus as flexible guides
Build your essay around points you want to make (i.e., don’t let your sources organize
your paper)
Integrate your sources into your discussion
Summarize, analyze, explain, and evaluate published work rather than merely reporting it
Writing Abstract
•
After completing your paper, write an abstract summarizing the paper.
References
•
•
Make sure all the in text citations have references. In APA, references have to be
alphabetized. They have to follow hanging indentation.
Generally, balance your references by having some from peer-reviewed journals, some
from books and some from internet resources.
Revise the Final Draft
•
•
•
•
Go through the APA format checklist.
Make sure there is no bias in writing.
Put the paper through plagiarism detector
Check capitalizations, indents, levels of headings, in text citations, tables etc. for correct
usage
Protecting the Public
Chelsi Pascua
Case Study Report
CONE 330
Professor Hossein Hemati
Fall 2018
Environmental Engineering
San Diego State University
Proposal
The Greenacres City Council has just been informed that a local city park may have had a
low-grade contaminant within the latest annual mosquito spraying. Testing of the contaminant
and quantifying the health impact of exposure is required by the city’s health department.
Even though the department cannot yet quantify the effects, they have identified a
chain of health problems associated with the contaminant. If the contaminated vegetation is
burned, the contaminant is then released back into the air as a vapor. The health effects of this
vapor is that it can irritate the eyes and can cause acute damage to anyone wearing contact
lenses. Although the contaminant is irritable as a vapor, there is no problem if it is touched or
eaten, thus the main danger of the contaminant would be campfires, disposal of windblown
leaves (which could mix with the local residential area), or the possibility of wildfire in the park.
The health department also stated that sunshine reduces the toxicity of the contaminant over a
2 to 3 year period, and after 4 years, the danger of the contaminant will be eliminated.
The city council expects that the publicity of the contaminant will be large and have
decided that a benefit/cost analysis must be done immediately, before the health department
supplies any results. The city manager must have preliminary results within 24 hours.
The city manager expects the council will want to have definitive conclusions for the two
worst-case scenarios:
1.) Scenario 1: Removal of all vegetation and turning the park into a landfill
a. Step 1: Remove all vegetation and burn it in a specially controlled environment
2
i. The city is in an industrial area where hazardous waste facilities are
available, costing approximately $2 million to $5 million.
b. Step 2: Create a substantial cover using the site as a temporary landfill
i. 20 homeowners will have to be bought out, costing $135,400 each.
ii. All other associated costs can be ignored since the city will be incurring
them at another site.
c. Step 3: In 3 years, the cover would be deep enough that the landfill can be
converted back into a park
i. The park currently emphasizes vegetation, jogging paths, and similar
uses, but the plantings and regrowth are likely to be far to slow after the
conversion.
1. Thus, the city engineer recommended the area could instead be
used as a complex of playing fields for softball, baseball, soccer,
and football.
a. The would cut the regrowth time and would only require
$300,000 for construction
ii. The city engineer has suggested a “net benefit” stream of $125,000
annually for the field complex after maintenance costs. She also
identified a 5% discount rate that the city council accepted for that study.
2.) Scenario 2: The maximum health cost in the complete absence of recovery efforts
3
a. This scenario is far less defined as there is difficulty in estimating the probability
of different kinds of fires and then estimating how many people could be
affected.
i. A wildfire is the least likely, but could affect the 35,000 people who live in
proximity to the park
1. A wildfire has a probability of 0.002, but may increase to 0.01 due
to publicity and arson.
b. Although, over a 3 year period, someone is almost certain to build a fire with
vegetation containing the contaminant.
i. Over 20% of the park goers are picnickers
1. ¼ of those parkgoers use wood
ii. Leaves from this year in this scenario are less of an issue, but would still
need to be collected and incinerated, costing about $1 million.
The possible danger is not exactly known, but it appears to be associated with park
usage. There are approximately 250,000 visitor-hours per year and growing about 15,000 hours
per year, which is slightly faster than the city’s population. Clearly, an exact answer is
impossible, but nevertheless, an answer is required.
Analysis
This analysis will break broken into 2 parts which will examine the benefit-cost ratio
analysis of present worth and annual cost then each scenario will be compared. Since scenario
2 is not as defined as scenario 1, the report will also do a probability analysis of scenario 2.
4
Scenario 1
Present Worth Analysis (Equivalent Present Consequences), using the most conservative
estimates
$135,400

1 = −$5 − 20 ℎ (
) − $300,000 + $125,000 ( , 5%, )
ℎ

With present worth analysis, reference Appendix A. As seen on that spreadsheet, it would take
over 100 years for the new field complex to return a profit, thus, this present worth benefitcost ration is < 0. Annual Cost Analysis $135,400 1 = −$5 ( , 5%, ) − 20 ℎ ( ) ( , 5%, ) ℎ − $300,000( , 5%, ) + $125,000 With annual cost analysis, reference Appendix A. As seen on that spreadsheet, this analysis also shows that it will take over 100 years for the new field complex to have a positive annual return. This annual cost benefit-cost ratio is < 0. Scenario 2 Present Worth Analysis (Equivalent Present Consequences), using the most conservative estimates 1 = −$1 5 With present worth analysis, we see that the city will pay a onetime fee of $1,000,000 for the incineration of all contaminated leaves. This present worth benefit-cost ration is < 0 until the city returns enough money for this cost to be covered, probably allocated from another department. Annual Cost Analysis 1 = −$1,00,000( , 5%, ) With annual cost analysis, reference Appendix A. As seen on that spreadsheet, this analysis also shows that it will take over 100 years for the new field complex to have a positive annual return as in this scenario, the park will not have a positive annual return. This annual cost benefit-cost ratio is < 0. Probability of Fire = − ℎ ℎ + = [( − ℎ + × 15,000 − ℎ ) × 25% ] + [1% × ( − ℎ + × 15,000 − ℎ )] ℎ = × 100% − ℎ 6 With the probability of contaminated vegetation being burned, reference Appendix B. In Appendix B, we see that out of all 4 years the contaminant is active, there is a 26% chance that the contaminated vegetation will be burned at any given time. Recommendation/Conclusion With scenario 1, the city will essentially be losing money on the park alone for over 100 years, if the money isn’t supplied by another department. Fiscally, this scenario is not ideal, but it protects the fraction of the public that wear contacts. Scenario 2 will only cost $1 million to the city, but the park will essentially be “off limits” to people that prefer to wear contacts. With this scenario, the probability that any contaminated vegetation could be burned within the four-year period is 26%. Because the eye damage that can occur, the public must be notified immediately, of the source of the contaminant and what the general public can do to protect themselves. One option for obtaining the money for both scenarios is to investigate the company that administers the mosquito spray to see what exactly was at fault. The risk with scenario 1 is that the money for this project is possibly not readily available, but it would protect the health of the general public. Risk with scenario 2 is that anyone who wear contacts and comes into contact with the contaminant vapor could get acute damage to their eye. With public water systems, if any acute contaminants are detected, that water system is required to notify its customers within a 24 hour period, or even have their water shut off by their supplier. Any contaminants in the air should be held to the same standard. My 7 recommendation is that if the money is readily available, continue with scenario 1. If the money is not, then close the park, and hold a public forum on what the citizens who live in proximity to the park think. To me, the safety of any citizen is priceless and would continue with scenario 1 as the citizens look to their government for protection. References Donald G. Newnan, Ted G. Eschenbach, Jerome P. Lavelle, and Mean A. Lewis. Engineering Economic Analysis. Oxford University Press, New York, 2017. 8 Appendix A Years (n) (P/A, 5%, n Years) 1 0.952 2 1.859 3 2.723 4 3.546 5 4.329 6 5.076 7 5.786 8 6.463 9 7.108 10 7.722 11 8.306 12 8.863 13 9.394 14 9.899 15 10.38 16 10.838 17 11.274 18 11.69 19 12.085 20 12.462 21 12.821 22 13.163 23 13.489 24 13.799 25 14.094 26 14.375 27 14.643 28 14.898 29 15.141 30 15.372 31 15.593 32 15.803 33 16.003 34 16.193 35 16.374 40 17.159 45 17.774 50 18.256 55 18.633 60 18.929 65 19.161 70 19.343 75 19.485 80 19.596 85 19.684 90 19.752 95 19.806 100 19.848 PW 1 (A/P, 5%, n Years) -7889000 1.05 -7775625 0.5378 -7667625 0.3672 -7564750 0.282 -7466875 0.231 -7373500 0.197 -7284750 0.1728 -7200125 0.1547 -7119500 0.1407 -7042750 0.1295 -6969750 0.1204 -6900125 0.1128 -6833750 0.1065 -6770625 0.101 -6710500 0.0963 -6653250 0.0923 -6598750 0.0887 -6546750 0.0855 -6497375 0.0827 -6450250 0.0802 -6405375 0.078 -6362625 0.076 -6321875 0.0741 -6283125 0.0725 -6246250 0.071 -6211125 0.0696 -6177625 0.0683 -6145750 0.0671 -6115375 0.066 -6086500 0.0651 -6058875 0.0641 -6032625 0.0633 -6007625 0.0625 -5983875 0.0618 -5961250 0.0611 -5863125 0.0583 -5786250 0.0563 -5726000 0.0548 -5678875 0.0537 -5641875 0.0528 -5612875 0.0522 -5590125 0.0517 -5572375 0.0513 -5558500 0.051 -5547500 0.0508 -5539000 0.0506 -5532250 0.0505 -5527000 0.0504 9 EUAC 1 EUAC 2 -8283400 -1050000 -4181702 -537800 -2815538 -367200 -2133256 -282000 -1724848 -231000 -1452576 -197000 -1258782 -172800 -1113838 -154700 -1001726 -140700 -912036 -129500 -839163 -120400 -778302 -112800 -727852 -106500 -683808 -101000 -646170 -9630... 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