Impact Of Marketization On Postgraduate Career Preparedness In Economy Assignment 4: Research Paper: Putting it All Together .What do reporters, crime sc
Impact Of Marketization On Postgraduate Career Preparedness In Economy Assignment 4: Research Paper: Putting it All Together
.What do reporters, crime scene investigators, and sports broadcasters have in common? All of these occupations are focused on reporting the results from data or information. The final part of your research paper is about the data procedures, reporting, and interpretation of the results of your research topic.
For this assignment, you will create the last part of your research paper. Build on your paper from Assignments 2 and 3, and integrate feedback from your instructor. You should use the headings below for the sections of your paper.
Write a twelve to fifteen (12-15) page paper (this includes the work you already completed in Assignments 2 and 3) in which you:
These items you should have already completed in Assignments 2 and 3:
Describe the:
Introduction to your topic.
Purpose of your research.
Problem statement.
Summarize the literature you collected related to your topic.
Identify the:
Gap(s) in the literature.
Research question or hypotheses of your topic.
Proposed theory for your research.
Identify two to three (2-3) common themes in the literature.
Contrast the findings and results of the literature.
Include seven to ten (7-10) peer-reviewed quantitative or qualitative articles related to your topic.
These items are new for Assignment 4:
Describe the participants in the study.
Methodology
Describe the research instrument participants completed in the study.
Explain the procedures that you conducted.
Perform the data analysis.
Interpret Results
Summarize your findings.
Interpret the results of the data analysis.
Describe the limitations of your research.
Write a conclusion where you pose additional research questions that can be studied from your research.
Remember to address the feedback from your instructor for Assignments 2 and 3.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the students name, the professors name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Determine the best research methodology for a given educational research topic.
Conduct a literature review for a given research topic.
Describe ethical considerations in the research process.
Write an educational research proposal.
Interpret educational research results. Running head: RESEARCH PAPER
Assignment 2: The Literature Review
Different studies indicate that many undergraduate students are not aware of the options
that they should take in graduate studies. Therefore, many students end up being mismatched to
their jobs. The problem is that students are not aware of their skills and experience or the
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requirement that a graduate course would require. There is a need for more meaningful career
advice. Graduate studies are becoming a progressively essential aspect of higher education
globally. Research indicates that graduate studies programs are not considered as fringe activities
and are taking the central role (Donaldson & McNicholas, 2004).
The increased population of undergraduate students is mainly attributed to the
government policy of improving knowledge and skills. Undergraduate degrees help in improving
career prospects, and at the same time, it enhances employability. It is thus essential to ensure
that undergraduate students are guided as they choose for the graduate studies programs to
improve the chances of being relevant in the field (Lu & Lambright, 2010). It also helps in
determining the graduate programs that have a high affinity for job opportunities to avoid
choosing graduate programs that will not pay well in the future. Graduate programs with
employability policy and intellectual training is a good basis for entry, and this should be
considered as it helps in the entry to the world of work.
The themes seen is that graduate students earn more than undergraduate students, there is
a lack of guidance given to undergraduate students when choosing graduate programs, and
employability is critical in the programs. The need as highlighted in the research and as backed
up by the opinion of students in graduate programs is that career preparation is very crucial for
undergraduate students (Daymon & Durkin, 2013). Graduates indicate that their degree lived up
to their expectations and it was valuable in their workplaces (Geyde, Fender, & Chalkley, 2004).
Even though there were different areas in the curriculum that were over-taught, there are areas
that contributed positively to their field of work. However, research also indicates that it is
essential to guide undergraduate students who want to take graduate programs to help them make
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the right choices as different programs provide different opportunities career-wise (Koay, et al.,
2016).
It is also important to consider the aspect that not all graduate programs pay more than
undergraduate students. For instance, in the field of medicine, graduate students earn more than
undergraduates while in other fields the undergraduates may earn more than graduate students.
Other than the level of education, it is also important for the students to present their full
potentials and perhaps start their firms rather than depending on employment. There are certain
areas in the programs that do not adequately prepare the students when it comes to employment
(Forbes, Schlesselman-Tarango, & Keeran, 2017). These include job search skills, literacy in
ICT, leadership, communication skills and verbal presentation.
Different research indicated different findings and results. Geyde, Fender, & Chalkley,
(2004) indicate that graduate students from the research felt that their degree improved their
situation in the workplace. However, the researcher also indicated that the graduate students did
not feel that the degree did not enable them to get the job they wished for which would meet
their expectations. Undergraduates indicated that the benefits that are associated with the degree
of choice indicate that the expectation is not what the graduates indicated (Koay, et al., 2016).
Employment is fulfilling both personally and financially, but research indicates that graduates
find the aspect of financial and personal fulfillment from employment as a difficult (Douglas,
Douglas, & Barnes, 2006). The need as highlighted in the research and as backed up by the
opinion of students in graduate programs is that career preparation is very crucial for
undergraduate students.
Career preparedness for undergraduate students helps in gaining a better understanding of
the qualifications, experience, and qualities needed to meet the expectations and thus placing
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them in a better position for planning and attaining a career that is rewarding (Shamma &
Hassan, 2013). Additionally, incorporating or emphasizing different courses that will help the
students to be ready in the employment niche and not concentrating more on those that
adequately prepare them for employment. Research should be conducted in different fields to
indicate the views and opinions of former students as this is an important way of addressing and
altering the curriculum (Shank, Walker, & Hayes, 2010). This will help the new and revised
curriculum to help students access the skills and employability learning outcomes in programs.
Undergraduate students have a positive perception regarding higher education even
though they do not fully understand the expectations of what the institutions need to provide to
ensure there is support and enabling of their learning to enhance career prospects. It is important
to challenge students, but also institutions should be supportive through course-level
management of the curricula, standards, and quality. The need for the institution to support the
students as well as management of quality assurance and quality enhancement of engagement of
students can be made possible if the offices are dedicated and there are senior appointments. It
will help in allowing evaluation and the process of feedback management both at the course level
and institutional level.
References
RESEARCH PAPER
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Daymon, C., & Durkin, K. (2013). The impact of marketization on postgraduate career
preparedness in a high skills economy. Studies in Higher Education, 38(4), 595-612.
Donaldson, B., & McNicholas, C. (2004). Understanding the postgraduate education market for
the UK: A review and empirical study. International Journal of Non-profit and Voluntary
Sector Marketing, 9(4), 346-360.
Douglas, J., Douglas, A., & Barnes, B. (2006). Measuring student satisfaction at a UK university.
Quality Assurance in Education, 14(3), 251-267.
Forbes, C., Schlesselman-Tarango, G., & Keeran, P. (2017). Expanding Support for Graduate
Students: Library Workshops on Research Funding Opportunities. College & Research
Libraries, 298-311.
Geyde, S., Fender, E., & Chalkley, B. (2004). Students’ Undergraduate Expectations and Postgraduation Experiences of the Value of a Degree. Journal of Geography in Higher
Education, 28(3), 381-396.
Koay, M. E., Lass, N. J., Parrill, M., Naeser, D., Babin, K., Bayer, O., . . . Kerwood, S. (2016).
Availability of pre-admission information to prospective graduate students in speechlanguage pathology. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 38(4), 465476.
Lu, Y., & Lambright, K. T. (2010). Looking Beyond the Undergraduate Classroom: Factors
Influencing Service Learnings Effectiveness at Improving Graduate Students
Professional Skills. College Teaching, 118-126.
Shamma, H., & Hassan, S. (2013). Customer-driven benchmarking: A strategic approach
towards a sustainable marketing performance. Benchmarking: An International Journal,
20(3), 377-395.
RESEARCH PAPER
Shank, M., Walker, M., & Hayes, T. (2010). Understanding professional service expectations:
Do we know what our students expect in quality education? Journal of Professional
Services Marketing, 13(1), 71-89.
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Running head: ASSIGNMENT 3: RESEARCH PAPER
Assignment 3: The Foundation
The Research Question: Do graduate college students make more money than an undergraduate
college student.
Thesis statement: the salary of the individual may vary depending on the field the individual is
employed hence college students should be advised well on their career options. However, the
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graduate student receives more salary than undergraduate due to difference in the level of
academics.
Introduction
Research shows that most students do not have broad information on how to expand on
themselves and their careers, this is usually caused by a lack of knowledge on a different job.
There should be education on a varied career to enable the student to broad expertise on a varied
career. This move will help the student in securing jobs which at least pay well ( McArthur &
Andrew, 2018 ). Various modes of awareness should be created so that it can help the student,
like to understand the importance of graduate and undergraduate studies. Studies show
undertaking the graduate studies program gives an original upper hand in the society in terms of
job opportunities.
Do graduate college students make more money than undergraduate college students?
This topic requires you to compare and contrast the different points of view in various fields.
Some field has some similarity while others have differences hence it will be good to consider
both parties case. Most of the curriculum doesnt provide a soundtrack that will enable individual
to have various skills that prepare them when it comes to employment perhaps having wellestablished communication skills that will allow them to create good rapport when
communicating.
However, there exist differences in various field in such a way that some undergraduate
student receive more money than undergraduate while other field graduates earn more. This to
show that other than academic qualifications students should work hard to develop themselves
but not depending on employment. They should guide an individual who wants to pursue a
ASSIGNMENT 3: RESEARCH PAPER
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graduate program so that the student may not have difficulties in the field which she or he is
supposed to continue. The main aim of conducting this research is to understand the differences
between the amount of money the undergraduate receives and the graduate student. Moreover to
removal the perception that only the undergraduate student makes less money than a graduate
student.
The main issue to be addressed in this situation is that graduate students earn more than
undergraduate students. This is because graduate students have an advanced level of education
compared to the undergraduate. Hence student is advised to expound on the career exploration so
that they will be capable of making good choices for their future jobs. The research has
highlighted that it is for students to pursue graduate classes to have a good chance for job
opportunities. Most graduates indicate that their degree lives up to their expectation and is
usually useful in places of work.
There is increased in the number of undergraduate students by the government, and the
main aim is to improve their knowledge and skills which will help them during the future
exploration of their careers. This move will make more students have vast ideas and build their
future careers and enroll in graduate programs. Hence it is essential for undergraduates to be
guided well during the selection of graduates programs to enhance their chances in the field.
Literature Review
Different research indicated different findings and results suggests that graduate students
from the study felt that their degree improved their situation in the workplace. However, the
researcher also suggested that the graduate students did not think that the degree did not enable
them to get the job they wished for which would meet their expectations. Undergraduates
indicated that the benefits that are associated with the degree of choice suggest that the hope is
ASSIGNMENT 3: RESEARCH PAPER
4
not what the graduates meant. Employment is fulfilling both personally and financially, but
research indicates that graduates find the aspect of financial and personal fulfillment from work
as tricky. The need as highlighted in the study and as backed up by the opinion of students in
graduate programs is that career preparation is very crucial for undergraduate students.
Career preparedness for undergraduate students helps in gaining a better understanding of
the qualifications, experience, and qualities needed to meet the expectations and thus placing
them in a better position for planning and attaining a career that is rewarding. Additionally,
incorporating or emphasizing different courses that will help the students to be ready in the
employment niche and not concentrating more on those that adequately prepare them for
employment. Research should be conducted in different fields to indicate the views and opinions
of former students as this is an aessential way of addressing and altering the curriculum. This
will help the new and revised curriculum to help students access the skills and employability
learning outcomes in programs.
Undergraduate students have a positive perception regarding higher education even
though they do not fully understand the expectations of what the institutions need to provide to
ensure there is support and enabling of their learning to enhance career prospects. It is important
to challenge students, but also institutions should be supportive through course-level
management of the curricula, standards, and quality. The need for the institution to support the
students as well as administration of quality assurance and quality enhancement of engagement
of students can be made possible if the offices are dedicated and there are senior appointments. It
will help in allowing evaluation and the process of feedback management both at the course level
and institutional level.
ASSIGNMENT 3: RESEARCH PAPER
5
The research question that arises is that do the graduate students make more money than
a graduate student? As we have discussed in the literature review, the graduate student makes
more money because of the high level of education as compared to the undergraduate. Moreover
is because many undergraduate learners are in pursuit of jobs hence making it hard to get
employed with the right amount of money. In contrary to that in some fields the value students
with skills which is an advantage to the ones who have to attain undergraduate studies, this is
usually in the field of software engineering.
Gap(s) in the Literature
The research on the topic was not enough. The studies that were collected were not from
all graduate programs but just a few. Makes it hard to use available research to represent other
courses. Therefore, future research should use additional fields to help in making substantive
results.
Research question hypothesis
Does graduate college student make more money than undergraduate college students?
Research shows that the money earned by an undergraduate student may vary to that of the
graduate college student, depending on the field which they are employed. We conducted various
research on students so that we can determine and come up with the background information on
this study ( Khongchai et al., 2016 ). The research was done through the administering of
questionnaires to the students so that we can see their views on the issue. However, various
issues raised during the collection of the data some students supported that graduate student’s
college student make more money than undergraduate. This issue made us formulate the
hypothesis that will help in solving the problem.There was a hypothesis that expressed from the
research that enabled efficient data collection.
ASSIGNMENT 3: RESEARCH PAPER
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What if a college student who takes graduate studies will have more money than
the one who received an undergraduate.
What if undergraduate students with skill will make more money than the
graduate college student.
A various method was used to determine if this hypothesis was true or false and they
include the establishment of questionnaires to the student to learn how useful the hypothesis was.
The were various survey questions that were asked to the students, which only required them to
confirm if it was true or false.
Survey questions
Does college student with graduate studies makes more money than
undergraduate
.true/false
Does some field pay college graduate student who has skills more than graduate
student
.true/false
Some students supported that graduate college student makes more money than
undergraduate college students while others didn’t support some said that with skills
undergraduate students would make more money. There was a variable that was formed during
the conduction of the hypothesis which helps in the analysis of the results.
Dependent variable
That for a student to make more money they have to pursue graduate classes.
Independent variable
An undergraduate student can make more money provided they have skills.
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Results showed that most students support the fact that an individual can make more
money only if they pursue graduate classes. In conclusion, it doesn’t matter if the only graduate
degree or undergraduate degree they can make money if they are creative.
Theory of research
The salary of the individual may vary depending on the field the individual is employed
hence college students should be advised well on their career options. However, graduate college
student receives more salary than an undergraduate college student due to the difference in the
level of academics (Lee et al., 2016). Is shown in the survey conducted that more student support
that individual with graduate degrees will earn because they have expounded on their areas of
expertise. The primary factor that contribute to graduate students making more money is that
they have a high level of education as compared to undergraduate.
The researcher concluded that undergraduates’ students should be advice better on career
options. This is because they will be capable of making good decisions about careers and further
their studies. It will help because the number of individuals will be employed and feel
comfortable at their place of work eventually making good money as they wanted. There are two
variable that helped in explaining this research topic independent and dependent variables.
Dependent variable suggested that for a student to make money, they must take the graduate
program. The idea was support by most students during the field research.
The idea is that most undergraduates have a passion for their level of academic
qualification, but they should be challenged so that they can expound on academics. This will be
achieved by learning institution providing vast information on career development in the
particular field (Sharf & Richard, 2016). The move will create awareness to students hence
giving them the motivation to improve their academic levels. The institution should develop days
ASSIGNMENT 3: RESEARCH PAPER
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like career day so that the undergraduate taking different course can be capable of attaining
knowledge in various fields.
The purpose of the study was to understand how service learning is used in improving the
skills of the students. Adequately preparing Graduate students for graduate-level education and
research is Critical. Because Graduate students find it hard to write, research, and apply for
external funds as well as grant opportunities.
The importance of library workshops comes in here as it can help Graduate students in
applying. Too much money is spent in higher education, and this can render it impossible to
finish the degree due to financial constraints. Different factors help undergraduate students to
choose graduate programs that will benefit and add value to their undergraduate degrees. Preadmission criteria should be available for the students making it more accessible in searching for
the graduate programs that fit prospective students.
In conclusion, the research has created a good understanding of the various factor that are
important to the student …
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