SMC Biology Cells and Human Body, Virus Spreading Question Answers Biology questions. I will provide the sheets that you need to answer the questions. plea
SMC Biology Cells and Human Body, Virus Spreading Question Answers Biology questions. I will provide the sheets that you need to answer the questions. please answer each question in order. please write down the answers even if they’re multiple choice, write down the correct answer instead of only the number. 137. How do insulin and glucagon differ?
138. Table sugar is known as
139. The four major molecules of life include
140. How do plants and animals differ in their storage molecules of sugar?
141. A potent green house gas that is released from cows is
142. Evaporation from tree leaves is called
143. Too much solute to solvent makes a
solution.
144. Why is temperature variation greater in a desert than by the coast? Explain.
145. Pressure and
both affect a substance’s density.
146. How does an ecosystem differ from a biome?
147. Snails have both male and female reproductive organs, and are hence called
148. How and why are the duties/roles of a scientist starting change from the classic scientist?
149. What is a scientific consensus in science? What are the potential consequences of a society that disregards the consensus?
150. What are the four functional groups of an amino acid?
151. What are the four nitrogen bases of DNA?
152. What two molecules make up the backbone of DNA?
153. Proteins differ from one another with respect to
and
154. The “steps” of DNA are composed of
and are held together with
bonds.
155.
is a lipid that helps prevent the evaporation of water from plants (this evaporation is known as
156.
are sequences of DNA the code for specific proteins.
157. Tightly coiled DNA is called
while uncondensed DNA is called
158. How does a circulation cell work?
159. How does the sea moderate coastal climate patterns on different coasts?
160. What is the difference among LDL, HDL, and triglyceride?
http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/AboutCholesterol/Good-vs-Bad-Cholesterol_UCM_305561_Article.jsp
161. Identify numbers 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 17 and 18. What were the different magnifications used in our cells lab?
10
11
9
21
8
12
7
13
6
14
20
5
(15
4
116
17
3
18
2
MEADE
19
162. It has been observed that the annual emission of methane (CH4) from flatulence is approximately 50 kg of CH4 per 100 humans.
Given a density of 400,000 humans per 10,000 m2 in the city of LA, calculate the annual amount of methane emitted, in kilograms, by
humans inhibiting a 25,000 m2 city.
7. He rapidly removed his hand after touching the hot tea kettle. 8. Your parents’ gametes (egg and sperm) combined to make
you!
9. Looking through the microscope you see plant cells of a leaf. 10. The fish displayed camouflage as the shark grew close.
11. Keeping your temperature at 98.6 deg F
12. Keeping the sugar content in your blood constant
28. Put the following in order from smallest to largest: biosphere, molecules, cells, population, tissues, organ systems, organs, ecosystem,
community, organism
29. If a virus relies on a host (ex: human) in order to reproduce, is it by definition alive? Explain.
30. In science, do we try to “prove or test our hypotheses?
31. Science is self-correcting. Explain.
32. Why is skepticism good in science?
33. When scientists disagree about some natural or unnatural phenomenon, it leads to more When many scientific studies all point
to the same conclusion, a
may be reached, as is the case with
change.
34. Label each of the following as either qualitative or quantitative.
a) The fish has spots on its back b) The fish has eight fins
35. Label each of the following as either objective or subjective.
a) Fish live in water b) The fish is ugly
36. What question do you ask yourself when trying to identify the control group? The experimental group?
37. What is an alternative name for independent variable? Dependent variable?
38. What question do you ask yourself when trying to identify the independent variable? The dependent variable?
39. A controlled experiment is one wherein only
variable is changed. All other variables stay the same between the control
experimental groups and are called
variables or
40. Factors that influence the results and often decrease precision among values are called
variables.
41. Which data set would be preferred by a scientist and why? (a) 5, 6, 5, 7, 7, 6, 5, 6 or (b) 1, 7, 5, 10, 8, 13, 4, 8
42. What happens to the density of water as it starts to freeze?
43. The freezing and boiling points of water are respectively. and
in Celsius, and
and
in Fahrenheit.
44. The number of protons in an atom equals the number of
45. Solve the following calculations without a calculator using the ladder method: (a) 15,000 m = dam (b) 25,203 mL = KL
46. Calculate the error bars size (using the average difference among the data values) for the data set: 3,5, 4, 3.
47. Inference or observation?
a) The goby fishes went into the burrow as the predatory fish grew closer.
The fossil remains lacked hands, so the creature likely had to bite and shake large chunks out of prey, or swallow prey whole.
C The recently discovered deep-sea frilled shark has an eel-like body suggesting it lives among the rocks.
d The abundance of plastic bags on the beach were thought to come from the storm drain.
e When oil blocked the blow hole of the whale, the whale made a loud sound indicating it was stressed.
f) The absence of one of its arms indicated that the octopus had been recently attacked by a predator.
) The harpooned whale let out a cry of pain.
h) As the shark approached the school of fish, it started displaying erratic behavior.
i Baby sea turtles hatched from the sand at night to reduce the chances of being eaten.
j) The whale beached itself due to sound pollution from ships at sea.
48. Explain the relationship among hypothesis, theory, and fact.
49. List the steps of the scientific method in order.
50. A marine biologist observes that mako sharks, sardines, and salmon leap out of the water. An example of induction from these
observations would be
51. An example of deduction from the general statement, “All fishes lay eggs” would be
52. To reduce personal bias, scientists use a technique called
53. Why is junk science so prevalent in today’s world?
54. If there is enough time and money, scientists will often use several experimental groups in a controlled experiment. What is the benefit
of this?
55. What is the relationship among sample size (replication), precision among data values, error bar size, and confidence in results.
56. Does high accuracy and low precision exist in darts? In experiments in nature?
57. The independent variable is sometimes called the “cause”, whereas the dependent variable is called the
58. What is the smallest unit of matter? Smallest unit of life?
59. What are the three states of matter? In which state are the molecules generally most compact and lowest in energy?
60. Why is water both a molecule and compound?
61. How are bile and lipase different in terms of their functions?
62. a. What kind of bond is formed between sodium and chloride? b. Between carbon and hydrogen in CH4?
a) covalent b) ionic
c) hydrogen
63. If the atomic # of oxygen is 8, how many valence electrons does it have? How many covalent bonds will it make?
64. Methane’s chemical formula is CH4. Draw the electron configuration model for methane showing the covalent bonds.
65. The bond between the oxygen and hydrogen within a water molecule is a(n)
bond.
66. Cohesion, surface tension, and capillarity all result, at least in part, due to
bonds between adjacent water molecules.
67. Water has a
specific heat, a
heat of vaporization, and a
boiling point compared to ethyl alcohol
(ethanol).
68. In general, a solution is made up of a
dissolved in a
69. Polymers are made up of smaller units called
which are built through a
reaction (aka dehydration
synthesis).
70. A polysaccharide is an example of which major macromolecule of life?
71. Compounds with the same chemical formula, but different structures are known as
72. Plants store excess sugars as
while animals store it as
73. Glucose, like other sugars, is composed of 3 elements
and
74. If your solution has a pH of 1, what kind of ion is present in greater numbers?
75. How many more times acidic is a pH of 1 compared to a pH of 4?
76. Name 3 organism groups that can perform autrophy.
77. Which taxonomic groupings make up a species’ scientific name?
78. Which protein your body makes depends on the sequence of
79. True or false:
a) Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells possess DNA, a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
b) An example of a prokaryotic cell is a bacterium.
80. State 5 characteristics of prokaryotes and 5 for eukaryotes.
81. Name five major kingdoms of life:
82. Organs are to the body as organelles are to the
83. Which of the following shows the electron configuration model for Hydrogen?
a)
b)
c)
d)
84. Within a single water molecule, each hydrogen atom shares a pair of electrons with the oxygen atom. This results in the formation of
two:
a) polar covalent bonds b) ionic bonds
c) hydrogen bonds d) nonpolar covalent bonds
85. When table salt is placed in water, it dissociates into sodium and chloride
a) atoms
b) ions c) compounds
d) isotopes
86. True or false? Capillarity explains why water will rise over 275 ft up a tree and why water is drawn up a straw that has been placed in
water.
a) true b) false
87. Which property of water do the Jesus lizard and water striders take advantage of?
a) surface tension
b) adhesion
c) temperature moderation d) none of the above
88. Which of the following is TRUE about polar compounds, such as water?
a) They have a slightly positive and a slightly negative end.
b) They generally make poor solvents.
c) The electrons are shared equally between the different atoms.
d) all of the above
89. True or false? When the sodium atom in NaCl loses one of its electrons to the chlorine atom, the sodium becomes positive.
a) true b) false
90. Which of the following is NOT true about polar compounds like water?
a) They have a slightly positive and a slightly negative end.
b) They generally make good solvents.
c) The electrons are shared equally between different atoms.
d) They have a high latent heat of melting
e) They have a high latent heat of evaporation
91. An atom is:
a) the simplest unit of matter b) composed of a nucleus and electron field
c) has both an atomic number and mass d) all the above
92. Matter is defined as anything in the universe that takes up space and has mass. Which of the following is NOT a state of matter?
a) solid b) liquid
c) gas d) all of the above are states of matter
93. The nucleus of an atom contains
while the energy levels, or shells of an atom contain
a) electrons and protons……. neutrons b) protons and electrons……. neutrons
c) protons and neutrons…….electrons d) none of the above
94. Carbon has four electrons in its outer shell. Carbon therefore wants to make:
a) 3 covalent bonds
b) 2 covalent bonds c) 6 covalent bonds d) 4 covalent bonds
95. True or false? Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter.
96. The six elements important to life are
a) uranium, manganese, lithium iodine, potassium, sulfur
b) oxygen, sulfur, potassium, nitrogen, hydrogen, magnesium
c) carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, sulfur
d) none of the above
97. Which of the following is the chemical formula of water?
a)
b)
C)
d)
and
H H
HO
H-OH
H2O2
O
98. Which of the following is the chemical structure of water?
a)
b)
c)
d)
H
H
HO
HO H
H2O2
99. True or false? In class, we said that water looks like the head of the cartoon character, Mickey Mouse, the ears representing the oxygen
atoms and the face representing the hydrogen atom.
100. When table salt is placed in water, it dissociates into sodium and chloride
a) atoms b) ions
c) compounds d) isotopes
101. Kool-aid and table salt can both be dissolved in water. Water is the and salt is the
a) solvent…solute
b) solute… solvent c) solution…solute d) solution…saturation point
102. True or false? Cohesion refers to the attraction between unlike substances.
103. True or false? Hydrogen bonding allows different water molecules to “stick together,” and because of this, water has a high specific
heat, or fairly stable temperature.
104. Water is a good temperature moderator, which means that it is able to absorb a lot of heat energy from another object before its
temperature changes much. This property of water is demonstrated when:
a) you put a cold wet cloth over your head to cool yourself off after exercise
b) your Mom puts you in a cold-water bath when you have a high fever
c) you put a cold icepack on a swollen muscle
d) all of the above
105. Which of the following is NOT true about polar molecules like water?
a) They have a slightly positive and slightly negative end.
b) They are good solvents.
c) There is an equal share of electrons between atoms.
d) All the above are true.
106. When two separate water molecules come together a bond is created.
a) peptide
b) covalent c) ionic
d) hydrogen
107. A bond between two atoms where the atoms share a pair of electrons, thereby becoming more stable, is called a(n) (
a) covalent bond
b) ionic bond c) hydrogen bond d) none of the above
108. In an acidic solution, the pH will be and the H concentration will be relatively
a) low…low
b) high…high c) low…high d) high…low
109. The pH of a basic solution will be between and
a) 1 and 6
b) 8 and 14 c) 6 and 7 d) 0 and 1
110. The pH of water is:
a) 5.6 b) 2.1
c) 8.0
d) 7.0
111. Buffers are present in your tissues to:
a) break down sugars b) build protein c) resist changes in pH d) resist changes in temperature
112. True or false? Lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids are the four major INORGANIC macromolecules essential to life.
113. MATCHING. (note: the answers can be used more than once):
a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Lipids d) Nucleic Acids e) All of the above
1) Forms peptide bonds
2) DNA and RNA
3) Biological catalyst
4) Polymers
5) The recipe book for making proteins
6) Formed from monomers called monosaccharides
7) Has carbon and hydrogen atoms
8) Is formed through dehydration synthesis (a.k.a. condensation reaction)
9) Made of fatty acids and glycerol
10) Waxes, steroids, fats, phosopholids
11) Formed from monomers called amino acids
12) Glucose, galactose, fructose, sucrose, maltose
13) Hemoglobin, insulin, collagen, antibodies
14) Lowers activation energy
15) Chemical messengers, for example, testosterone which helps men grow muscle
16)
17)
Sugar Phosphate
Backbone
side chain
R
Base pale
Thyni
Adenina
Cytosine
Guanine
AMM
Nitrogenous
base
H
H
Aadenine
Thymine
Closine
Guanine
amino group
carboxyl group
18)
19)
CH OH
0
??? ?
H
H
HO
OH
H
OH
Cortisol
Cortisone
as
H
OH
Aldosterone
Progesterone
113.5. Which of the following is NOT true about fats?
a) Saturated fats are healthy for humans. b) They store energy. c) They are a type of lipid.
d) Unsaturated fats have double bonds.
114. Where are nucleic acids found in your cells?
a) nuclei b) membranes c) cytoplasm d) water
115. Which of the following is not associated with catabolism?
a) digestion of food b) exothermic reaction c) breaking big molecules into smaller ones d) condensation reactions
116. What element occurs in proteins, but not in carbohydrates?
a) carbohydrates b) oxygen c) hydrogen d) nitrogen e) phosphorous
117. True or false? Biological catalysts (ex: the enzyme, catalase) increase the activation energy.
118. Which of the following concerning enzymes is FALSE?
a) Any enzyme can be used many times. b) Any enzyme can perform many different chemical reactions.
c) Enzymes break down at high temperatures. d) They are all proteins.
119. Your friend has drawn three stages of an enzyme-catalyzed
Products
reaction, but he or she has mislabeled the diagram (i.e., the diagram
is labeled incorrectly). Which two labels should you tell him/her to
Enzyme
switch?
Active Site
a) the substrate and active site
b) the products and enzyme
c) the active site and enzyme
d) the enzyme and substrate
Substrate
.
120. Plants release
gas to the environment during photosynthesis.
121. The goal of breaking glucose from your food down during cellular respiration, is to produce readily usable energy called
122. What are the equations of photosynthesis and respiration?
123.
is the breakdown of materials from large pieces into smaller chemically unaltered pieces.
124. Bile helps increase the
of fats (lipids).
125. Chemical
is the process of catabolizing your food from polymers into monomers.
126. Your cell anabolize building block molecules called
into
126. The reaction responsible for breaking polymers into monomers is called
127.
is the process by which we break down food glucose, combine it with oxygen, and make
energy.
128. An extreme form of denial currently displayed by the oil industry and many government representatives is
129. What is a confounding variable, and how does it affect precision?
130. Does your body absorb polymers or monomers in your small intestine?
131. What greenhouse gas is being released at alarming levels due to the burning of fossil fuels?
132. In science, the minimum number of replicates is
133. How do scientists know that CO2 has been rising for 800,000 years?
134. A photoautotroph is able to perform a process known as
They are also known as
producers. Humans are the opposite, and rely on other foods sources for energy and are hence called
135. How do ectotherms and endotherms differ from one another?
136. What is happening to world population size? Two main factors affecting growth in population size include
?
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