University of Nairobi What Is the Aim of Big Data Analytics Tools Paper Topic: Info Tech in Global Economy. Q1: What are the 11 possible main categories of

University of Nairobi What Is the Aim of Big Data Analytics Tools Paper Topic: Info Tech in Global Economy. Q1: What are the 11 possible main categories of ICT tools and technologies? Q2: What is the aim of Big data analytics tools? Instructions: Need 3 Responses for other student posts (Each Response Separate paragraph for 2 questions) Minimum 150 words for each response (use uploaded document to see other student posts)Textbook attached No plagiarism please. Topic: Info Tech in Global Economy.
Q1: What are the 11 possible main categories of ICT tools and technologies?
Q2: What is the aim of Big data analytics tools?
Instructions:
•
Need 3 Responses to the above 2 questions for other student posts (Each Response Separate
paragraph for 2 questions)
•
Minimum 150 words for each response (use uploaded document to see other student posts)
•
Textbook attached
•
No plagiarism please.
Initial Post 1:
Q1. The below listed are the 11 ICT Tools and Technologies. Provided a short synopsis on each tool ad
technology for an overview.
1. Visualization:
Visualization tools help the clients gather and access data along with providing a clear context in a
graphical structure. For instance, they can be utilized during the decision making arrange so as to
calibrate new approaches, during the execution and assessment arrange so as to comprehend whether
the use of a specific approach brought any progressions or notwithstanding during the plan setting stage
so as to recognize issues that ought to be tended to with approaches.
1. Argumentation:
Argumentation tools envision the structure and discussions for the critical systems with an efficient
approach. All things considered, these devices can be helpful in all phases of the approach cycle, at
whatever point a focused on the consultation is required; perhaps they are progressively applicable for
the motivation setting, the strategic plan, and basic leadership, and the assessment and end stages
where such discourses are generally performed. As to potential clients, on a fundamental level, all
partners can utilize argumentation devices.
1. e-Participation:
e-Participation tools bolster the dynamic commitment of the natives in all the acceptable procedures. All
partner types are potential clients of these devices, albeit common utilization alludes to connections
between the administration and the general population. Because of the wide range of upheld exercises,
eParticipation instruments might be utilized in any phase of the strategy cycle.
1. Opinion mining:
Opinion mining tools makes the clients give a better context understanding the sense and meaning of
the overall situation. They can be utilized for measuring the acknowledgment capability of a new
approach or for recognizing negative assessments of an arrangement. Because of their specialized
multifaceted nature, conclusion mining instruments are more qualified to be utilized via prepared
institutional partners or non-institutional partners, however not the overall population.
1. Simulation tools:
Simulation tools help understand the certifiable framework or wonder and help clients comprehend the
framework and the impacts of potential activities so as to settle on better choices. They can be utilized
for reenacting the long haul effect of various approach options and along these lines aid the strategy
detailing and basic leadership arrange. Recreation instruments are actually mind-boggling to execute;
along these lines, they are generally appropriate for use by a couple of specific institutional or noninstitutional partners.
1. Serious games:
Serious games train users through simulation and virtual environments. They are for the most part
applicable to the strategy definition and basic leadership phase of the arrangement cycle, as players may
expect a partner’s job so as to investigate distinctive approach situations on a given point and settle on
pertinent choices. Genuine games can likewise be utilized in the usage phase of the approach cycle, for
teaching residents on the most effective method to apply a specific state strategy, for example,
wellbeing or natural approach. The fundamental partner gathering of genuine games is the wide open.
1. Tools specifically developed for policymakers:
Tools specifically developed for policymakers have been recently developed to facilitate the design and
delivery of policies. They are significant to the strategic plan and basic leadership organizes and to the
assessment and end phase of the strategy cycle. Obviously, their client gathering incorporates just
institutional or non-institutional partners.
1. Persuasive tools:
Persuasive tools aim to change users’ attitudes or behaviors. These can be utilized by institutional or
non-institutional partners for affecting open demeanors and practices. In this manner, it is for the most
part applicable to the usage phase of the strategy cycle, for reinforcing approach appropriation.
1. Social network analysis (SNA) tools:
Social network analysis (SNA) tools analyze social connections and identify patterns that can be used to
predict users’ behavior. These can be utilized in the approach plan also, basic leadership arrange, and in
the usage phase of the approach cycle for choosing elective arrangements or for fortifying strategies’
usage. SNA is a complex procedure requiring specific information, in this way it must be utilized via
prepared institutional or non-institutional partners.
1. Big data analytics tools:
Big data analytics tools support the entire big data exploitation process from discovering and preparing
data sources, to integration, visualization, analysis, and prediction. These exercises are pertinent to all
phases of the strategy cycle, perhaps less pertinent to the execution arrange. In any case, the clients of
this innovation can be the legislature in essence or non-institutional partners inspired by dissecting
information for a particular point.
1. Semantics and linked data tools:
Semantics and linked data tools enable large amounts of data to become easily published, linked to
other external datasets, and analyzed. The connected information devices can encourage better
comprehension of social information and popular conclusion and better expectation of open responses,
for example to various strategy options. Therefore, semantics and connected information instruments
appear to be pertinent to all stages of the arrangement cycle. Once more, the forte required for
applying these advances implies that lone institutional or non-institutional partners might be the quick
clients of such advances.
Q2. Through Big Data Analytics one can achieve multiple advantages and aims, of which I would like to
discuss here are, Open information makes noteworthy open doors for accomplishing further and quicker
experiences towards information advancement, basic leadership, and interdisciplinary joint effort. Be
that as it may, they have little esteem if individuals can’t utilize them. In this way, new devices and
advancements were grown of late to address this issue. One of these innovations is an enormous
information investigation. Enormous information investigation instruments have risen because of the
expanding volume and assortment of open information that ended up accessible on the web. The term
enormous information alludes to datasets so huge and complex that are hard to process utilizing
customary information the executives, what’s more, preparing methods. Huge information examination
apparatuses plan to handle a few mechanical and systematic difficulties, for example, breaking down
unstructured information, revealing shrouded designs, misusing internet based life, settling on quick
choices on gigantic information volumes, and so on. Besides, huge information prescient investigation
means to open the estimation of huge information and make forecasts about future, or generally
obscure occasions, in a close constant mode.
Initial Post 2:
Q1: What are the 11 possible main categories of ICT tools and technologies?
1) Visualisation tools helps higher management better understand current organization data standing
and provide a more visual charts and bars, especially by presenting data in a graphical form.
2) Argumentation tools visualise the structure of complex argumentations and debates as a graphical
network.
3) eParticipation tools support the active involvment of residents in social and political processes
including, e.g. voting advice applications and deliberationtools.
4) Opinion mining tools perform analytics and make sense of thousands of public comments written in
different application contexts.
5) Simulation tools represent a real-world system or phenomenon and help users understand the
system and the effects of potential actions in order to make better decisions.
6)Serious games train users through simulation and virtual environments.
7) Tools specifically developed for policy makers have been recently developed to facilitate the design
and delivery of policies.
8) Persuasive tools aim to change users’ attitudes or behaviours.
9) Social network analysis (SNA) tools analyse social connections and identify patterns that can be used
to predict users’ behaviour.
10) Big data analytics tools support the entire big data exploitation process from discovering and
preparing data sources, to integration, visualization, analysis,and prediction.
11) Semantics and linked data tools enable large amounts of data to become easily published, linked to
other external datasets, and analyzed.
Q2: What is the aim of Big data analytics tools?
Big data analytics tools aim to tackle several technological and analytical challenges,such as analysing
unstructured data, uncovering hidden patterns, exploiting social media, making fast decisions on
massive data volumes, etc. Furthermore, big data predictive analytics aim to unlock the value of big data
and make predictions about future, or otherwise unknown events, in a near-real-time mode (Nyce
2007).
Big data analytics tools can be used for information purposes, e.g. for understanding what people are
saying about government, and which policies, services, or providers are attracting negative opinions and
complaints.Moreover, they can find out what people are concerned about or looking for, e.g.from the
Google Search application programming interface (API) or Google Trends,which record Google’s search
patterns of a huge number of internet users. Based on analysis of current and “historical” facts, they can
develop accurate models and forecasts about the future.
create real-time solutions to tackle challenges in agriculture, health, transportation,and more; promote
greater openness; and introduce a new era of policy and decision making (Bertot et al. 2014).
In addition,using geospatial, population, traffic, and travel-to-work information, it is possible to locate
the best place for a hospital, school, or community facility, to serve communities most at need, or cut
travel times.
Initial Post 3:
Answer for Q1
The 11 main categories of information and communication technology (ICT) tools and technologies for
policymaking theory and policy-making processes are
1. Visualization tools: These tools “helps the users to understand the data and provide with the
more meaningful view in context, especially by presenting data in graphical form”
(Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo, 2015, p. 129). Visualization tools allow huge amount of data to be
displayed in an understandable form. These tools help in displaying the data with their
appropriate meaning to show the relationships which could not be easily understood with raw
data or with the non-visual format.
2. Argumentation tools: this tools “visualize the structure of complex argumentations and debates
as a graphical network” (Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo, 2015, p.129). The author has also stated
that Argumentation tools help the large numbers of stakeholders to participate in discusses and
contribute to creating arguments and suggestions which can, later on, be visualized. These visual
representations will be much easier to understand and helps in analyzing complex databases.
3. eParticipation tools: these tools “have been specifically developed to involve citizens in the
policymaking process to enable citizens to get informed” (Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo, 2015, p.
129). eParticipation tools enable many kinds of citizen involvement with the help of several
tools like provision of information to deliberation, community building and collaboration,
consultation, polling and decision making (Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo, 2015, p. 134).
4. Opinion mining tools: “Opinion-mining tools perform a computational study of large quantities
of textual contributions in order to gather, identity, extract, and determine the attitude
expressed in them” (Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo, 2015, p.134). Opinion mining is also referred
as the extraction of sentiments from unstructured data.
5. Simulation tools: “Simulation tool represents a real-world system or phenomenon and helps
users understand the system and the effects of potential actions in order to make better
decisions” (Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo,2015 , p.129). These tools are based on agent-based
modelling to prepare a model and reproduce complex systems (Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo,
2015, p.137).
6. Serious games: these tools help users through simulation and virtual environment.
7. Tools specifically developed for policy makers: these tools are designed for all stakeholders for
delivering renovated policies strategies.
8. Persuasive tools: “Persuasive tools aim to change users’ attitudes or behaviours”
(Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo, 2015, p.129). These tools are mostly opted by government
agencies for promoting several political causes and improve policies approval from citizens
9. Social network analysis (SNA) tools: “Social network analysis (SNA) tools analyse social
connections and identify patterns that can be used to predict user’s behavior
(Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo, 2015, p.129)”. These tools are very much helpful for policy
making. It helps in identifying social network patterns and important factors and also try to
control them with the help of besieged policy interferences.
10. Big data analytics tools: “Big data analytics tools support the entire big data exploitation process
from discovering and preparing data sources, to integration, visualization, analysis, and
prediction” (Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo,2015 , p. 129).
11. Semantics and linked data tools : “Semantics and linked data tools enable large amounts of data
to become easily published, linked to other external datasets, and analyzed”
(Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo,2015 , p.129). These tools helps users to develop their documents
with the help of software related to semantics of data which make use of metadata to facilitate
more complicated data mining.
Answer for Q2
“Big data analytics tools have emerged due to the increasing volume and variety of open-source data
that has become available on the web. The term Big data refers to the datasets so large and complex
that are difficult to easily process using available traditional data management and processing
techniques”
The aim of Big data analytics tool to make the data easily available for the users without restrictions and
a regular machine-readable format. Big data analytics tools aim to tackle several technological and
analytical challenges, such as analyzing unstructured data, uncovering hidden patterns, exploiting social
media, making fast decisions on massive data volumes, etc. Furthermore, big data predictive analytics
aim to unlock the value of big data and make predictions about future or otherwise unknown events, in
a near-real-time mode ((Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo,2015). Big data analytics tools are being used by
every firm today for information purposes. These tools are also helping businesses to take appropriate
decisions and gain success. These tools are helping the government for creating a smart city. Every big
organization today is making use of these tools as it helps the customers sift through huge information
and summarize the details that their competitors won’t have.
Big data analytics tools can help an organization to generate new revenue opportunities, go for effective
marketing, improved Customer support, and retaining competency. “Big data analytics tools can be
useful in policy-making for processing huge amounts of information and, through this, for detecting and
predicting patterns and trends of the public” (Janseem, Wimmer & Deljoo,2015 , p. 150).
Public Administration and Information
Technology
Volume 10
Series Editor
Christopher G. Reddick
San Antonio, Texas, USA
w.jager@rug.nl
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10796
w.jager@rug.nl
Marijn Janssen • Maria A. Wimmer
Ameneh Deljoo
Editors
Policy Practice and Digital
Science
Integrating Complex Systems, Social
Simulation and Public Administration
in Policy Research
2123
w.jager@rug.nl
Editors
Marijn Janssen
Faculty of Technology, Policy, and
Management
Delft University of Technology
Delft
The Netherlands
Ameneh Deljoo
Faculty of Technology, Policy, and
Management
Delft University of Technology
Delft
The Netherlands
Maria A. Wimmer
Institute for Information Systems Research
University of Koblenz-Landau
Koblenz
Germany
ISBN 978-3-319-12783-5
ISBN 978-3-319-12784-2 (eBook)
Public Administration and Information Technology
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-12784-2
Library of Congress Control Number: 2014956771
Springer Cham Heidelberg New York London
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015
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Preface
The last economic and financial crisis has heavily threatened European and other
economies around the globe. Also, the Eurozone crisis, the energy and climate
change crises, challenges of demographic change with high unemployment rates,
and the most recent conflicts in the Ukraine and the near East or the Ebola virus
disease in Africa threaten the wealth of our societies in different ways. The inability
to predict or rapidly deal with dramatic changes and negative trends in our economies
and societies can seriously hamper the wealth and prosperity of the European Union
and its Member States as well as the global networks. These societal and economic
challenges demonstrate an urgent need for more effective and efficient processes of
governance and policymaking, therewith specifically addressing crisis management
and economic/welfare impact reduction.
Therefore, investing in the exploitation of innovative information and communication technology (ICT) in the support of good governance and policy modeling
has become a major effort of the European Union to position itself and its Member
States well in the global digital economy. In this realm, the European Union has
laid out clear strategic policy objectives for 2020 in the Europe 2020 strategy1 : In
a changing world, we want the EU to become a smart, sustainable, and inclusive
economy. These three mutually reinforcing priorities should help the EU and the
Member States deliver high levels of employment, productivity, and social cohesion.
Concretely, the Un…
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