How are Caribbean Nationals Impacted by Gentrified Crown Heights Assignment | Essay Help Services

I have the Literature Review and the Methodology. Write the INTRODUCTION ( Introduce the Topic, Research Question, and your Thesis), ANALYSIS, and FINDINGS (Work with your data tell the reader how to interpret and prove the thesis) and the CONCLUSION (Summarize the key parts – why does it matter). Have a statement about why should we care, if it is Social, Political, or Policy. This is a research paper, so everyone’s work MUST BE CITED. IN the format INTRODUCTION, LITERATURE REVIEW, METHODOLOGY, ANALYSIS/ FINDINGS, and CONCLUSION.

Methodology: How do Gentrified Crown Heights impact Caribbean Nationals?

Introduction

The topic for this research is “the impact that Gentrified Crown Heights have on the Caribbean Nationals.” These changes always affect, those who cannot afford them, as it represents a common issue in the Urban Planning Process. It is a controversial subject that attract different opinions from boardrooms to the bedrooms. Various reasons attributed to taking a diverse entity when it comes to this topic, as it attracts lots of contradicting views. It increases displacement among their victims in society. For instance, this process results in the development of expensive housing with improved resources and business facilities. People who cannot afford these increased cost of living standards, such as increased rent and rental fees, are often forced to relocate to areas where they can afford housing or areas further from where they were living. However, this process also negatively impacts the Caribbean Nationals who live in these neighborhoods. In the 1890 until 1910, Crown Heights was one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in Brooklyn. It was inhabited by the Irish, Jews (Russian), Italians and the newer Caribbean arrivals, but by the end of that decade it was predominantly African Americans and Caribbean nationals. After these so-called developments, the neighborhood took a drastic change. The ideology changed to improve the infrastructure in a location where the program engages to take place.

Thesis: The problem associated with controversies concerning gentrification of neighborhoods is an issue that has negative and positive impacts on the people. Caribbean Nationals who are mainly form low-income communities are often negatively impacted. At the same time, those who can afford these increases, such as rent, these are the one who experience the positive impact of urbanization.  In this study, the focus is to analyze both the positive and negative effects that Gentrified Crown Heights have on the Caribbean Nationals.

Research Question: How do Gentrified Crown Heights impact Caribbean Nationals?

Literature review summary on the topic

Gentrification is the process that impacts most of the neighborhoods that have old structures. Researchers on this topic state, “that gentrification helps to change such areas into more affluent businesses and modern residential to attract investment and increase facilities and services to the community. The housing program can result in increased family expenditure as a result of this phenomenon, which makes low earning populations vulnerable. They then move to neighborhoods that have residential, which are affordable to them” (Passell 144).

Moreover, aside from causing displacement of less fortunate, it negatively impacts other neighborhoods where people move to settle in. For example, such areas can experience reduced community programs because of an increased population, which wasn’t the initial plan. “Displaced nationals also don’t find the program beneficial to them as they move to suitable communities where life will be relatively cheap as per their income. In most cases, the gentrification of cities to build new residential that are relatively high also attracts critics” (Passell 149).

However, this process is essential to make the economy efficient by increasing jobs and business for people. Most of the studies conducted on this topic concluded that gentrification results in harming low-income families. For example, poor households get displaced to worse situations because of the gentrification process as they seek affordable residential houses. “Other studies also show that the majority of those who move to get satisfied with their new households and conditions” (Passell 146). Others are also saying that, “There are decades of academic investigation into how gentrification affects housing prices, the economy and crime. But researchers are just beginning to consider how gentrification, (the process by which working class neighborhoods are infiltrated by upwardly mobile newcomers, whose presence prompts rent rises, as well as cultural, social and political changes) could damage longtime residents’ most fundamental asset: their health” (Schumaker 3).

Data Explanation and Analysis

Adopting the changes resulting in the gentrification process is challenging as it leads to an increased risk of displacement. It is difficult for those displaced because of gentrification to adjust to their new situation and conditions. Most of the Caribbean Nationals live below the poverty line; thus, an increase in their budget is a social injustice. As a result, they find themselves in situations whereby they must move or relocate to the neighborhood whenever such an urbanization plan occurs. “From 2002 to around 2017, the Independent Budget Office for the City found out that the number of people entering homeless shelters increased, and most of the people were from North Crown Heights because of gentrification” (Passell 169).

Considering that they have lower earnings, Gentrified Crown Heights becomes less attractive to poor communities. In this case, such a plan can be costly as it will attract a few people while the targeted community suffers. On the contrary, such changes are essential to have the life of ordinary citizens to improve in cities because of increased opportunities. “The process contributes to advancement, such as college education, which grew from +64% in the early 1980s to +297% currently.  Furthermore, it creates job opportunities, such as attracting restaurant investors. Gentrification in Crown Heights increased the number of restaurants since 2011 as compared to the early 1990s, thus creating job opportunities for people as one of the positive impacts” (Passell 150).

Lastly, this data is critical to future studies and very essential to my research study. I will use this data to generate the knowledge gaps that exist in this research problem. Therefore, the data will help me to come up with a scholarly study that can help policymakers to understand how gentrification affects the low-income bracket as well as Caribbean Nationals. It will also help in adjusting policies to ensure that urban planning programs do not negatively impact less fortunate in society.

How are Caribbean Nationals Impacted by Gentrified Crown Heights?

New York City has finally clawed its way out of the housing crash of 2008, and with that comes a rapid increase of gentrified communities’ gentrification “1. the process of renovating and improving a house or district so that it conforms to middle-class taste. 2. the process of making a person or activity more refined or polite.” (Google dictionary) within the Boroughs. With this increase none has been more impacted than the Crown Heights section in Brooklyn. Several racial backgrounds have been impacted, but none more so than the black West Indian community living there.) From the investors point of view, this may be a blessing, but from the point of view of the ordinary joe living there, it has been one headache after another. Crown Heights is home to the largest Afro Caribbean group who have been disproportionately affected by gentrification, whom like the Lubavitch, have become the political power in the neighborhood.

The shift that is taking place in the Crown Heights district is seeing longtime residents and jobs, being replaced by, overpriced coffee and white color workers. After reading “Crown Heights residents say Kill the deal in Ebbits Field”, the author, Sha-nia Alston talks about how the residents have spent many years making their views heard about the Armory project which vows to bring a luxury apartment and a recreational center, while the residents prefer whatever is built should benefit the community and not the chosen few. These residents would rather have affordable housing, instead of displacement. Too many people have been evicted from their homes, just where this new construction is taking place. “African Americans, Gentrification, and Neoliberal Urbanization: The Case of Fort Greene, Brooklyn.”, by Themis Chronopoulos also re-examines how because of urban economic development, many blacks are being displaced, in in neighborhood which was called “Black Brooklyn” because at the time more than 50 percent of the businesses and homes  were black owned. But now because of gentrification they are pushed to the side. Another author from, “Gentrification is ethnic cleansing.”, Amadi Ajamu shares the same sentiments at the other two authors, it states how housing development are ore outpricing the residents and displacing them.

The author Elizabeth Kirkland, “What’s Race Got to Do With it? Looking for the Racial Dimensions of Gentrification. “mentions how gentrification affects others differently depending on their race. He also states thar residential segregation is amplified and, replicated. Also, in “The Gentrifying Effects of Brownfields Redevelopment.”, Jonathan Essoka, also talks about inequities of the Blacks. She studies and evaluate any variables at different locations, and she also states how segregation, racism and injustices all, go hand in hand. “An exploration of the importance of the strategy used to identify gentrification.”, by Michaell Barton, uses quantitative research, to identify these gentrified neighbourhoods and how it shapes the physical and social aspects of neighborhood.

The author Nazgol Bagheri, from “The World in Brooklyn: Gentrification, Immigration, and Ethnic Politics in a Global City – Edited by Judith N. Desena and Timothy Shortell, states that Brooklyn is the best place for researchers, to test diversity, mobility and gentrification, and they focus on everyday life. Brooklyn uses quantitative research in which numbers ad maps are used. Roland Atkins, the author from, “The evidence on the impact of gentrification: new lessons for the urban renaissance.”, ask the question, if gentrification harm or help neighborhoods, and what evidence have been found to support this question. He looks at gentrification from an economic point of view, and there is much evidence to show the harmful effects of gentrification. Another author who did not share this same sentiment is, Helen Ekstam, who wrote, “Residential Crowding in a “Distressed” and a “Gentrified” Neighbourhood – Towards an Understanding of Crowding in “Gentrified” Neighbourhoods.”, her views were that overcrowding was good because, there ware people who would rather risk having big crowds, just to live in an upscale/ gentrified neighbourhood. But further research needs to be done, to test her theories.  On the other hand, Jerome Krase, the author from, “Seeing residential (im)mobilities in New York City.”, suggests how the lives of our neighbors are affected by what class there are, and what ethnicity, they are. In Krase research, the disparities are evident between the rich and the poor, and he uses his own work as evidence.

Brooklyn is shifting because of gentrification, and this in turn is impacting the Caribbean people living in Crown Heights, in a negative way, it has become one of the costliest spaces to live. A vast majority of Caribbean businesses are closed or is closing, because of gentrification.

References

Ajamu, A. (2017). Gentrification is ethnic cleansing New York Amsterdam News.

ALSTON, S. (2017). Crown heights residents say ‘kill the deal’ at ebbets field New York Amsterdam News.

Atkinson, R. (2004). The evidence on the impact of gentrification: New lessons for the urban renaissance? Routledge. doi:10.1080/1461671042000215479

Bagheri, N. (2013). The world in brooklyn: Gentrification, immigration, and ethnic politics in a global city – edited by judith N. desena and timothy shortell Wiley-Blackwell. doi:10.1111/tesg.12020

Barton, M. (2016). An exploration of the importance of the strategy used to identify gentrification doi:10.1177/0042098014561723

Chronopoulos, T. (2016). African americans, gentrification, and neoliberal urbanization: The case of fort greene, brooklyn Springer Nature. doi:10.1007/s12111-016-9332-6

Ekstam, H. (2015). Residential crowding in a “Distressed” and a “Gentrified” neighbourhood – towards an understanding of crowding in “Gentrified” neighbourhoods Routledge. doi:10.1080/14036096.2015.1059355

ESSOKA, J. D. (2010). The gentrifying effects of brownfields redevelopment Washington State University Press.

KIRKLAND, E. (2008). What’s race got to do with it? looking for the racial dimensions of gentrification Washington State University Press.

Krase, J. (2016). Seeing residential (im)mobilities in new york city Routledge. doi:10.1080/09502386.2015.1113631